Table 3.

Odds ratios and 95 % confidence intervals of predictors for overweight: adults aged ≥20 years (n 1528) from rural and urban areas of Hanoi, Thua Thien Hue Province and Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, 2008

	OR	95 % CI	P value
Region of residence
Urban	1·00	Ref.	–
Rural	0·77	0·60, 0·98	<0·05
Sex
Female	1·00	Ref.	–
Male	0·87	0·68, 1·11	NS
Age (per 1 quartile increment)	1·26	1·12, 1·43	0·001
Lifelong occupation
Office worker	1·00	Ref.	–
Heavy worker	0·45	0·29, 0·68	<0·001
Housewife	1·14	0·83, 1·57	NS
Physical activity level
High	1·00	Ref.	–
Moderate	1·20	0·91, 1·58	NS
Low	1·50	1·08, 2·09	<0·05
Energy intake (per 1 tertile decrement)	0·64	0·47, 0·85	<0·01
Saturated fat intake (per 1 quartile increment)	1·53	1·33, 1·75	<0·001
Carbohydrate intake (per 1 tertile increment)	1·65	1·28, 2·12	<0·001
Animal protein intake (per 1 quartile increment)	1·20	1·06, 1·35	<0·001
MSG intake
Non-user	1·00	Ref.	–
1st quartile	1·15	0·80, 1·65	NS
2nd quartile	0·87	0·56, 1·35	NS
3rd quartile	0·69	0·47, 1·00	NS
4th quartile	0·88	0·63, 1·22	NS

MSG, monosodium glutamate; Ref. referent cetagory.

OR and 95 % CI from multiple logistic regression analysis, model was adjusted for education level and smoking.