Table 3.
Enabling and constraining factors to adopting and implementing the ANGCY by private industry in recreational facilities
| Enabling factors | Theoretical domain* | Constraining factors |
|---|---|---|
| Relative advantage: Potential for | Attributes of the ANGCY | Complexity: Food rating system complex to use |
| long-term financial gain, financial advantage for one franchise with a | Observability: Highly visible negative outcomes, no visible positive outcomes | |
| successful healthy brand image | Augmentation: No training provided | |
| Compatibility: ANGCY not compatible with product availability, consumer taste preferences or the prices consumers were willing to pay | ||
| Relative advantage: Healthy items perceived as unprofitable | ||
| Meaning of the ANGCY: Managers personally supported healthy eating | Adopters and the adoption process | |
| Absorptive capacity for new knowledge: Previous experience | Organizational antecedents for | Technical capacity: High cost of refrigerated vending machines |
| implementing the ANGCY in schools | the ANGCY | Centralization: lack of a single, national nutrition standard |
| Linkage | Design stage: Perception that the industry perspective was not adequately considered | |
| Implementation stage: Linkage agents not always familiar with industry concerns | ||
| Power balances: Adoption requests | Organizational readiness | Power balances: Low market demand for healthier items |
| from recreational facility managers | for the ANGCY | Assessment of implications: Expectation of negative outcomes |
| Interorganizational norm-setting: Willingness to contravene industry | Outer context | Socio-political context: Personal responsibility ethic, deflection of responsibility onto other sectors |
| norms to remain on the leading edge | Competitive environment: Patrons could easily purchase unhealthy items elsewhere | |
| Interorganizational norm-setting: Fear of profit loss led to conformity with industry norms | ||
| Incentives and mandates: ANGCY adoption was not mandatory, no financial incentives available for adopters |
ANGCY, Alberta Nutrition Guidelines for Children and Youth.
*Based on Greenhalgh et al.'s diffusion of innovations framework( 13 ).