Table 2.

Accuracy of young children’s perceptions of foods’ fruit content based on foods’ front-of-package label elements (n 58)

	Foods containing real fruit*		Foods containing sham fruit*
Food front-of-package label elements	Mean	sd	Mean	sd	P †
Neither fruit name‡ nor fruit image§	27a	36	55a	41	0·0033
Fruit name but no fruit image	70b	39	46b	47	0·046
Fruit image but no fruit name	75c	37	24c	39	<0·0001
Both fruit name and fruit image	81d	34	11d	23	<0·0001
All elements combined (total score)	64	28	34	30	0·0001

^a,b,c,dMean values within a column with unlike superscript letters were significantly different (P<0·01) as determined by χ ² test.

^*Real fruit foods were composed primarily of fruit or 100 % fruit juice (>90 % by weight); sham fruit foods contained no real fruit, but contain artificial fruit flavours. Possible score range=0 to 100; higher scores indicate greater accuracy with regard to whether fruit was used to make the product.

^†Probability of significant differences between real fruit and sham fruit foods as determined by independent t test.

^‡Food name included the word fruit(y), juice (juicy) or specific fruit name(s).

^§Label images included drawing(s) and/or photograph(s) of fruit.