Table 3.
Proportion of Brazilian adolescents who regularly consumed (≥5 times/week) foods considered to be markers of an unhealthy diet according to sociodemographic variables; PeNSE 2012
| Unhealthy diet markers (consumed ≥5 d/week) | ||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bagged salty snacks | Fried salty snacks | Processed meats | Soft drinks | Sweet biscuits | Sweets | |||||||||||||
| Variable | % | PR* | 95 % CI | % | PR* | 95 % CI | % | PR* | 95 % CI | % | PR* | 95 % CI | % | PR* | 95 % CI | % | PR* | 95 % CI |
| Gender | ||||||||||||||||||
| Male | 10·93 | 1·00 | Ref. | 14·17 | 1·00 | Ref. | 13·72 | 1·00 | Ref. | 33·59 | 1·00 | Ref. | 29·72 | 1·00 | Ref. | 33·79 | 1·00 | Ref. |
| Female | 14·97 | 1·42 | 1·37, 1·47 | 17·34 | 1·24 | 1·21, 1·28 | 15·51 | 1·16 | 1·11, 1·20 | 32·89 | 1·01 | 0·99, 1·03 | 35·04 | 1·20 | 1·18, 1·22 | 48·14 | 1·41 | 1·39, 1·43 |
| Age range | ||||||||||||||||||
| 11–14 years | 12·36 | 1·00 | Ref. | 15·22 | 1·00 | Ref. | 14·30 | 1·00 | Ref. | 30·86 | 1·00 | Ref. | 32·11 | 1·00 | Ref. | 42·41 | 1·00 | Ref. |
| 15 years or older | 14·51 | 1·26 | 1·21, 1·30 | 17·11 | 1·23 | 1·19, 1·27 | 14·85 | 1·13 | 1·09, 1·77 | 33·81 | 1·18 | 1·16, 1·20 | 33·34 | 1·05 | 1·03, 1·07 | 38·81 | 0·96 | 0·95, 0·98 |
| Ethnicity/skin colour | ||||||||||||||||||
| White | 12·02 | 1·00 | Ref. | 15·35 | 1·00 | Ref. | 15·20 | 1·00 | Ref. | 34·14 | 1·00 | Ref. | 31·42 | 1·00 | Ref. | 40·10 | 1·00 | Ref. |
| Black and brown | 13·62 | 1·06 | 1·02, 1·10 | 15·98 | 1·02 | 0·99, 1·05 | 14·38 | 0·99 | 0·96, 1·03 | 32·67 | 0·99 | 0·97, 1·01 | 33·25 | 1·04 | 1·02, 1·06 | 42·16 | 1·06 | 1·05, 1·08 |
| Asian | 14·16 | 1·15 | 1·06, 1·25 | 17·53 | 1·11 | 1·04, 1·19 | 13·99 | 1·10 | 1·02, 1·18 | 32·95 | 1·01 | 0·97, 1·06 | 31·62 | 1·05 | 1·01, 1·10 | 42·55 | 1·09 | 1·05, 1·13 |
| American Indian | 13·11 | 1·08 | 0·99, 1·18 | 16·27 | 1·08 | 0·99, 1·16 | 14·02 | 1·04 | 0·96, 1·13 | 32·64 | 1·01 | 0·96, 1·06 | 32·76 | 1·05 | 1·00, 1·10 | 38·19 | 1·02 | 0·97, 1·06 |
| Mother’s educational level | ||||||||||||||||||
| Incomplete middle school | 12·95 | 1·00 | Ref. | 14·64 | 1·00 | Ref. | 13·22 | 1·00 | Ref. | 30·18 | 1·00 | Ref. | 31·74 | 1·00 | Ref. | 40·26 | 1·00 | Ref. |
| Complete middle school | 13·07 | 1·07 | 1·02, 1·13 | 15·87 | 1·11 | 1·06, 1·16 | 14·62 | 1·13 | 1·07, 1·18 | 33·73 | 1·09 | 1·06, 1·13 | 33·14 | 1·06 | 1·03, 1·09 | 41·28 | 1·03 | 1·01, 1·06 |
| Complete high school | 13·19 | 1·09 | 1·04, 1·14 | 16·57 | 1·18 | 1·13, 1·22 | 15·67 | 1·21 | 1·16, 1·26 | 35·30 | 1·14 | 1·11, 1·17 | 33·42 | 1·09 | 1·06, 1·12 | 42·05 | 1·06 | 1·04, 1·08 |
| Complete higher education | 12·89 | 1·16 | 1·09, 1·23 | 17·57 | 1·23 | 1·17, 1·30 | 16·69 | 1·23 | 1·16, 1·29 | 36·86 | 1·13 | 1·09, 1·16 | 31·68 | 1·09 | 1·05, 1·12 | 42·55 | 1·04 | 1·02, 1·07 |
| Administrative status | ||||||||||||||||||
| Private | 11·39 | 1·00 | Ref. | 17·46 | 1·00 | Ref. | 15·83 | 1·00 | Ref. | 37·28 | 1·00 | Ref. | 30·32 | 1·00 | Ref. | 40·98 | 1·00 | Ref. |
| Public | 13·38 | 1·18 | 1·12, 1·24 | 15·48 | 0·87 | 0·84, 0·90 | 14·41 | 0·89 | 0·85, 0·92 | 32·38 | 0·93 | 0·91, 0·95 | 32·95 | 1·08 | 1·06, 1·11 | 41·34 | 1·03 | 1·01, 1·05 |
| Geographical areas | ||||||||||||||||||
| North | 9·96 | 1·00 | Ref. | 15·37 | 1·00 | Ref. | 9·39 | 1·00 | Ref. | 28·87 | 1·00 | Ref. | 26·02 | 1·00 | Ref. | 36·60 | 1·00 | Ref. |
| Northeast | 12·85 | 1·24 | 1·18, 1·31 | 16·34 | 1·04 | 1·00, 1·08 | 12·53 | 1·38 | 1·32, 1·45 | 28·20 | 0·89 | 0·87, 0·92 | 31·43 | 1·29 | 1·26, 1·33 | 39·49 | 1·03 | 1·00, 1·05 |
| Southeast | 14·60 | 1·28 | 1·22, 1·36 | 16·47 | 0·96 | 0·92, 1·01 | 17·04 | 1·60 | 1·51, 1·68 | 38·27 | 1·16 | 1·13, 1·19 | 35·22 | 1·36 | 1·32, 1·40 | 42·30 | 1·13 | 1·10, 1·16 |
| South | 10·74 | 1·04 | 0·97, 1·11 | 14·13 | 0·89 | 0·85, 0·94 | 14·93 | 1·54 | 1·46, 1·63 | 28·18 | 0·97 | 0·94, 1·00 | 30·00 | 1·13 | 1·09, 1·17 | 41·73 | 1·11 | 1·08, 1·14 |
| Mid-west | 12·25 | 1·18 | 1·12, 1·24 | 14·08 | 0·91 | 0·87, 0·95 | 12·87 | 1·26 | 1·20, 1·33 | 34·65 | 1·14 | 1·11, 1·17 | 31·78 | 1·24 | 1·20, 1·27 | 45·14 | 1·19 | 1·16, 1·22 |
| County type | ||||||||||||||||||
| Capital | 11·99 | 1·00 | Ref. | 15·74 | 1·00 | Ref. | 14·90 | 1·00 | Ref. | 35·44 | 1·00 | Ref. | 31·92 | 1·00 | Ref. | 42·62 | 1·00 | Ref. |
| Non-capital | 13·34 | 1·12 | 1·08, 1·16 | 15·84 | 1·03 | 1·00, 1·06 | 14·59 | 0·91 | 0·88, 0·93 | 32·58 | 0·92 | 0·90, 0·94 | 32·67 | 1·03 | 1·01, 1·05 | 40·89 | 0·97 | 0·96, 0·99 |
PeNSE, Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde do Escolar (National Survey of Schoolchildren’s Health); PR, prevalence ratio; Ref., referent category.
*
Adjusted for the other variables in the model.