Table 1.
Clinical characteristics of the validation cohort.
| Variables | Albuminuria (UAE) (n = 39) | Normoalbuminuric (Non UAE) (n = 30) | Controls (CNT) (n = 29) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 58.0 ± 11.2* | 54.6 ± 5.6* | 42.0 ± 10.8* |
| Gender (male) | 70.6%* | 64.6%* | 37.9% |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 138 ± 19 | 134 ± 24 | 115 ± 16 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 83 ± 11 | 88 ± 15 | 75 ± 5 |
| Pulse pressure (mmHg) | 54 ± 15 | 48 ± 6 | 40 ± 14 |
| Glucose (mg/dL) | 130 ± 51* | 118 ± 40 | 100 ± 12 |
| Glycated hemoglobin (%) | 6.9 ± 1.2 | 6.1 ± 0.8 | Nd |
| Total Cholesterol (mg/dL) | 190 ± 35† | 174 ± 28 | 198 ± 16 |
| LDL (mg/dL) | 120 ± 31† | 109 ± 23 | 115 ± 13 |
| HDL (mg/dL) | 47 ± 13 | 49 ± 11 | 54 ± 18 |
| Triglycerides (mg/dL) | 171 ± 114 | 129 ± 59 | 131 ± 13 |
| Plasma creatinine (mg/dL) | 1.0 ± 0.38 | 0.89 ± 0.21 | 0.70 ± 0.10 |
| eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m2) | 86 ± 30 | 88 ± 19 | 104 ± 15 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 33 ± 7 | 30 ± 6 | 24 ± 3 |
| Obesity (%) | 56** | 41** | 0 |
| Obesity grade (%) Grade I Grade II Grade III |
22 22 12 |
19 11 11 |
nd nd nd |
| Diabetes (%) | 43** | 32** | 0 |
| Dyslipidemia (%) | 92*** | 82*** | 7 |
| Smoking (%) | 38* | 48* | 11 |
| Ex-Smoking (%) | 32* | 14 | 11 |
| Urinary albumin excretion/Creatinine (mg/g) | 166 (66–406)***†† | 2.7 (1.8–4.2) | 2.2 (1.5–4.0) |
| Antihypertensive treatment (%) ARB CCB Diuretics |
90 38 64 |
93 32 64 |
nd nd nd |
Data are expressed as mean ± SD, unless otherwise noted. Glomerular filtration rate calculated by MDRD formula. Comparisons between groups: * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001 vs control group; † p < 0.05, †† p < 0.01 vs. normoalbuminuric. ARB, angiotensin II receptor antagonists; BMI, body mass index; CCB, calcium channel blocker; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; LDL, high-density lipoprotein.