Table 3.
Prevalence of iron deficiency states and risk of haemoconcentration as a function of initial iron stores and iron supplementation in pregnant women; Reus, Catalonia, Spain (n 285)
| Initial Fe stores | Fe supplementation | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No ID (n 237) | ID (n 48) | Yes (n 209) | No (n 76) | P for | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Mean | sd | Mean | sd | P value | Mean | sd | Mean | sd | P value | interaction | |||||||||||||||
| General characteristics | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Hb 10th week (g/l) | 126·5 | 7·7 | 123·5 | 9·2 | 0·016 | 125·1 | 8·1 | 127·6 | 8·2 | 0·015 | 0·224 | ||||||||||||||
| SF 10th week (μg/l)* | 36·3 | 1·8 | 7·1 | 1·6 | <0·001 | 27·3 | 2·3 | 28·1 | 2·3 | 0·809 | 0·667 | ||||||||||||||
| Starting week of supplementation | 14·3 | 9·9 | 13·5 | 9·3 | 0·588 | 18·3 | 7·2 | – | – | <0·001 | 0·110 | ||||||||||||||
| Daily Fe supplementation (mg) | 44·2 | 34·4 | 36·7 | 30·3 | 0·158 | 57·8 | 27·7 | – | – | <0·001 | 0·245 | ||||||||||||||
| Total Fe supplementation (mg) | 6321 | 5088 | 5543 | 4710 | 0·323 | 8367 | 4313 | – | – | <0·001 | 0·340 | ||||||||||||||
| Infant birth weight (g) | 3237 | 441·3 | 3132 | 387·3 | 0·130 | 3231 | 431·4 | 3179 | 462·5 | 0·348 | 0·361 | ||||||||||||||
| % | % | % | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| ID (%) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1st trimester | 0·0a | 100·0a | <0·001 | 14·9a | 19·8a | 0·380 | |||||||||||||||||||
| 2nd trimester | 46·4b | 83·3b | <0·001 | 50·0b | 58·8b | 0·267 | 0·326 | ||||||||||||||||||
| 3rd trimester | 63·9c | 81·3b, c | 0·019 | 62·1c | 77·5c | 0·026 | 0·231 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Delivery | 40·9b | 70·8c | 40·2d | 61·3b | 0·058 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Anaemia (%) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1st trimester (Hb < 110 g/l) | 2·0a | 6·3a | 0·123 | 3·5a | 2·4a | 0·910 | 0·799 | ||||||||||||||||||
| 2nd trimester (Hb < 105 g/l) | 11·7b | 20·8b | 0·087 | 13·3b | 11·9b | 0·962 | 0·977 | ||||||||||||||||||
| 3rd trimester (Hb < 110 g/l) | 25·8c | 39·6c | 0·052 | 27·0c | 28·9c | 0·789 | 0·850 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Delivery (Hb < 110 g/l) | 16·5b | 31·3b, c | 0·017 | 16·8b | 24·1b | 0·176 | 0·907 | ||||||||||||||||||
| IDA (%) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1st trimester | 0·0a | 6·3a | 0·004 | 0·9a | 1·2a | 0·697 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||
| 2nd trimester | 7·9b | 20·8b | 0·015 | 9·6b | 9·5b | 0·839 | 0·957 | ||||||||||||||||||
| 3rd trimester | 19·5c | 35·4c | 0·022 | 19·3c | 27·4c | 0·141 | 0·708 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Delivery | 11·9b | 25·0b | 0·017 | 12·7b | 15·5c | 0·613 | 0·326 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Hb > 130 g/l (%) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2nd trimester | 1·6a | 4·2a | 0·252 | 1·8a | 2·4a,b | 0·931 | 0·640 | ||||||||||||||||||
| 3rd trimester | 4·8b | 2·1a | 0·701 | 5·3b | 1·2a | 0·210 | 0·997 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Delivery | 16·1c | 2·1a | 0·010 | 15·0c | 8·4b | 0·198 | 0·990 | ||||||||||||||||||
SF, serum ferritin; ID, iron depletion; IDA, iron-deficiency anaemia.
ID was defined as SF < 12 μg/l; IDA was defined as anaemia and ID simultaneously; risk of haemoconcentration was defined as Hb > 130 g/l.
Values are presented as means and standard deviations, or as percentages.
a,b,c,dProportions within a column with unlike superscript letters were significantly different (P < 0·05).
*Geometric mean (antilog sd).