Table 4.
Daily energy and nutrient provision and consumption at baseline (n 216) and follow-up (n 221)* by 2- to 4-year-old children attending twenty long day care centres implementing the Start Right – Eat Right nutrition award scheme, metropolitan Adelaide, South Australia, Australia, 2012
| Provided | Consumed | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline | Follow-up | Baseline | Follow-up | ||||||||
| Benchmark 50 % NRV* | Mean | sd | Mean | sd | P value† | Mean | sd | Mean | sd | P value† | |
| Energy (kJ) | 2450 | 2137·0 | 714·1 | 2344·3 | 773·6 | 0·004 | 1629·7 | 742·7 | 1790·6 | 820·4 | 0·032 |
| Fat (g) | – | 16·5 | 8·8 | 17·0 | 7·2 | 0·489 | 12·9 | 8·0 | 13·2 | 7·1 | 0·666 |
| Fat (% of energy) | 20–35 | 27·6 | 8·3 | 26·8 | 6·7 | 0·272 | 28·5 | 9·5 | 27·4 | 7·1 | 0·176 |
| Saturated fat (g) | – | 7·8 | 4·8 | 7·7 | 3·8 | 0·904 | 6·1 | 4·2 | 6·0 | 3·6 | 0·747 |
| Saturated fat (% of energy) | 10 | 13·0 | 5·2 | 12·2 | 4·3 | 0·088 | 13·4 | 5·7 | 12·4 | 4·6 | 0·034 |
| Protein (g) | 6 | 22·2 | 9·4 | 25·3 | 10·9 | 0·002 | 16·8 | 9·1 | 19·6 | 10·9 | 0·003 |
| Protein (% of energy) | 15 | 17·6 | 3·9 | 18·1 | 3·7 | 0·198 | 17·3 | 4·1 | 18·1 | 4·0 | 0·042 |
| Carbohydrate (g) | – | 64·3 | 23·3 | 73·2 | 25·2 | 0·000 | 48·7 | 23·9 | 55·2 | 25·7 | 0·006 |
| Carbohydrate (% of energy) | 45–65 | 50·4 | 11·2 | 51·0 | 97·8 | 0·519 | 50·1 | 12·2 | 50·7 | 8·1 | 0·557 |
| Sugars (g) | – | 26·8 | 11·6 | 28·9 | 13·7 | 0·087 | 20·2 | 12·1 | 21·2 | 13·1 | 0·395 |
| Dietary fibre (g) | 7 | 6·8 | 3·0 | 7·5 | 2·8 | 0·012 | 5·0 | 3·0 | 5·4 | 2·8 | 0·108 |
| Ca (mg) | 180 | 257·5 | 142·1 | 302·8 | 141·4 | 0·001 | 198·4 | 126·0 | 233·2 | 135·0 | 0·006 |
| Fe (mg) | 2 | 2·7 | 1·1 | 2·7 | 1·1 | 0·551 | 2·0 | 1·1 | 2·1 | 1·2 | 0·523 |
| Na (mg) | 500 | 871·6 | 613·4 | 648·8 | 457·6 | 0·000 | 675·0 | 532·5 | 491·5 | 365·7 | 0·000 |
| K (mg) | 1000 | 720·9 | 237·8 | 858·5 | 304·3 | 0·000 | 534·7 | 262·3 | 642·8 | 315·7 | 0·000 |
| Mg (mg) | 32·5 | 70·5 | 22·1 | 83·6 | 28·5 | 0·000 | 52·9 | 23·4 | 63·5 | 28·8 | 0·000 |
| P (mg) | 190 | 403·8 | 145·5 | 455·4 | 170·6 | 0·001 | 310·5 | 149·6 | 351·4 | 172·3 | 0·008 |
| Zn (mg) | 1·25 | 2·9 | 1·5 | 3·5 | 1·8 | 0·000 | 2·2 | 1·4 | 2·7 | 1·8 | 0·001 |
| Vitamin A (µg) | 155 | 286·7 | 172·3 | 286·0 | 135·7 | 0·961 | 209·4 | 163·1 | 203·4 | 122·7 | 0·665 |
| Vitamin C (mg) | 12·5 | 24·7 | 15·5 | 26·9 | 21·1 | 0·208 | 15·9 | 13·5 | 18·7 | 17·6 | 0·065 |
| Thiamin (mg) | 0·2 | 0·5 | 0·4 | 0·5 | 0·6 | 0·426 | 0·4 | 0·3 | 0·4 | 0·5 | 0·324 |
| Riboflavin (mg) | 0·2 | 0·6 | 0·4 | 0·7 | 0·6 | 0·000 | 0·4 | 0·4 | 0·6 | 0·5 | 0·000 |
| Niacin (mg) | 2·5 | 10·0 | 4·3 | 13·1 | 6·3 | 0·000 | 7·5 | 3·9 | 10·2 | 5·9 | 0·000 |
| Folate (µg) | 75 | 81·5 | 46·3 | 146·1 | 141·1 | 0·000 | 60·2 | 36·5 | 110·4 | 116·9 | 0·000 |
*
NRV, Nutrient Reference Value( 11 ). Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) or Adequate Intake (AI) where an EAR is not available. Upper Level of Intake (UL) for Na. Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Ranges (AMDR) for macronutrient expressed as a percentage of total energy intake.
†
Data were compared using independent-samples t test.