Table 2.
Comparison of cross-compliance and greening obligations in the 2014–2020 CAP and conditionality requirements in the 2023–2027 CAP
| 2014–2020 CAP | 2023–2027 CAP |
|---|---|
| SMR | |
| SMR |
Same SMR + New SMR related to the Water Directive, the Drinking Water Directive, the Framework for the sustainable use of pesticides, the Plant Protection Products Regulation, the Directive and Regulation on veterinary medicinal products |
| GAEC and greening measures (GM) | |
| Climate change | |
| GM 2: Maintenance of permanent grassland according to the ratio of permanent grassland to agricultural area (decline limited to 5% max.) | GAEC 1: Same requirements except i) new reference year (2018 instead of 2012) and ii) inclusion of organic farmers who were previously exempted |
| GAEC 2: New; appropriate protection of wetland and peatland | |
| GAEC 6: Interdiction of burning arable stubble except for plant health reasons | GAEC 3: Same requirements |
| Water | |
| GAEC 1: Establishment of buffer strips along water courses | GAEC 4: Same requirements (ban on nutrients’ and pesticides’ uses integrated in the GAEC text) |
| GAEC 2: Compliance with authorisation procedures where irrigation is subject to authorisation | |
| GAEC 3: Protection of groundwater against pollution | |
| Soil protection and quality | |
| GAEC 5: Tillage management in order to reduce the soil degradation | GAEC 5: Same requirements |
| GAEC 4: Minimum soil cover | GAEC 6: No bare soil in most sensitive periods |
| GM 1: Minimal crop diversity on arable areas with three exemptions (small farms of less than 10 ha, organic farms, farms essentially in grass or rice); notions defined in EU Regulation 1307/2013 | GAEC 7: Crop rotation or equivalent practices, including through crop diversity; possibility to define the rotation at the scale of the crop year (main crop/intermediate crop); same exemptions; notions to be defined in national strategic plans (NSP) |
| Biodiversity and landscapes | |
|
GAEC 7: Maintenance of landscape figures; interdiction of cutting trees and hedges during the breeding and nesting season of birds GM 3: Implantation of EFA on at least 5% of the arable land area |
GAEC 8: Establishment of non-productive EFA on at least 4% of the arable land area (option 1) or on at least 7% if the MS decides to include productive elements (catch crops, nitrogen-fixing crops) with then at least 3% on non-productive elements (option 2); reduction of the requirement of the first option to 3% of arable land if the farmer enrolled in an eco-scheme agrees to increase the area allocated to non-productive areas to 7% or more |
| GM 2: In Natura 2000 zones, ban on ploughing or converting permanent grassland | GAEC 9: Same requirements |