Table 4.

Selected preliminary domains and definitions.

Domain	Number of items	Definition
Actionable	6	Communication that allows the team to get the job done. Communication is relevant, complete, timely, and contains the necessary information to act.
Clarity	6	Communication that allows for the content to be clear, structured, and to communicate a shared mental model.
Tone	7	Communication manner, including wording, non-verbal communication, and being ignored.
Mechanisms and modes	7	Structural elements of communication, including how we communicate, with whom, language barriers, and technology facilitated communication.
Collaboration and teamwork	9	Communication that allows for interdisciplinary collaboration between staff. This includes working collaboratively, teamwork, role clarity, and mutual respect.
Systems	10	Systemic elements that improve or impede communication, including system structure, culture, reporting structures, and hierarchy.
Empowerment	7	Communication that allows team members to proactively evaluate patients, make decisions, speak up, and escalate concerns without fear of consequences.