TABLE 3.
Adjusted associations between gestational weight change latent class and infant outcomes by prepregnancy obesity grade (n = 22,355)
| LGA1 IRR (95% CI) | SGA2 IRR (95% CI) | Birthweight GA z-score β (95% CI) | Low birthweight3 IRR (95% CI) | Preterm delivery4 IRR (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Grade 1 (n = 13,180) | |||||
| Class 1 | Referent | ||||
| Class 2 | 1.00 (0.88, 1.14) | 1.01 (0.86, 1.20) | 0.05 (−0.00, 0.10) | 0.76 (0.60, 0.97)5 | 0.87 (0.73, 1.05) |
| Class 3 | 1.02 (0.87, 1.19) | 1.18 (0.97, 1.43) | −0.02 (−0.08, 0.04) | 0.99 (0.73, 1.35) | 1.13 (0.92, 1.39) |
| Class 4 | 1.27 (1.10, 1.46)5 | 0.81 (0.66, 1.00) | 0.18 (0.12, 0.24)5 | 0.77 (0.58, 1.01) | 1.04 (0.86, 1.27) |
| Class 5 | 1.47 (1.24, 1.74)5 | 0.82 (0.62, 1.08) | 0.18 (0.10, 0.26)5 | 0.93 (0.67, 1.29) | 1.05 (0.79, 1.39) |
| Grade 2 (n = 5787) | |||||
| Class 1 | Referent | ||||
| Class 2 | 1.40 (1.14, 1.71)5 | 1.14 (0.88, 1.47) | 0.08 (−0.00, 0.15) | 1.05 (0.72, 1.53) | 1.04 (0.80, 1.36) |
| Class 3 | 1.51 (1.20, 1.90)5 | 1.06 (0.78, 1.45) | 0.07 (−0.02, 0.17) | 1.55 (1.05, 2.28)5 | 1.44 (1.06, 1.95)5 |
| Class 4 | 2.02 (1.61, 2.52)5 | 0.87 (0.61, 1.23) | 0.27 (0.17, 0.36)5 | 0.68 (0.39, 1.16) | 0.92 (0.65, 1.30) |
| Class 5 | 1.98 (1.52, 2.58)5 | 1.18 (0.79, 1.78) | 0.28 (0.15, 0.40)5 | 1.12 (0.68, 1.85) | 1.48 (1.00, 2.19) |
| Grade 3 (n = 3388) | |||||
| Class 1 | Referent | ||||
| Class 2 | 0.83 (0.67, 1.04) | 1.12 (0.79, 1.58) | −0.11 (−0.22, −0.01)5 | 1.14 (0.76, 1.72) | 0.95 (0.67, 1.35) |
| Class 3 | 1.30 (1.04, 1.62)5 | 1.23 (0.84, 1.78) | 0.07 (−0.05, 0.19) | 1.27 (0.78, 2.06) | 1.43 (0.94, 2.16) |
| Class 4 | 1.18 (0.94, 1.48) | 0.72 (0.45, 1.14) | 0.18 (0.06, 0.30)5 | 0.81 (0.47, 1.39) | 0.93 (0.61, 1.41) |
| Class 5 | 1.20 (0.82, 1.73) | 1.11 (0.60, 2.05) | 0.13 (−0.07, 0.32) | 1.56 (0.87, 2.80) | 1.61 (0.98, 2.66) |
Values are estimated incidence-rate ratios for multivariable Poisson regression with robust standard errors or β-coefficients for multivariable linear regression models adjusted for maternal age, ethnicity, height (cm), gestational age at the time of delivery (except in preterm models), and infant’s sex. Weight trajectories modeled to ≤38 wk in base models and to ≤34 wk in preterm models. Class 1 serves as the reference group for each prepregnancy obesity grade.
Large for gestational age: birthweight >90th percentile.
Small for gestational age: birthweight <10th percentile.
Birthweight ≤2500 g.
Delivery in <37 wk of gestation.
CI does not contain 0 (β-coefficient) or 1 (IRR).