Table. Estimated Prevalence of Diabetic Retinopathy and Vision-Threatening Diabetic Retinopathy, Stratified by Nondifferentiated Sex and Gender and Race and Ethnicity.
| Characteristic | Prevalence count, in millions (95% UI) | Standardized prevalence rate, % (95% UI)a |
|---|---|---|
| Diabetic retinopathy | ||
| Total | 9.60 (7.90-11.55) | 26.43 (21.95-31.60) |
| Nondifferentiated sex and genderb | ||
| Female | 4.04 (3.24-5.01) | 24.43 (19.82-29.97) |
| Male | 5.56 (4.38-6.98) | 28.10 (22.47-34.74) |
| Ethnicityc | ||
| Hispanic | 1.85 (1.34-2.49) | 29.21 (22.13-38.26) |
| Non-Hispanic | ||
| Racec | ||
| Black | 1.83 (1.34-2.39) | 34.39 (26.09-43.75) |
| White | 5.19 (3.84-6.89) | 24.40 (18.38-31.56) |
| Other | 0.73 (0.44-1.12) | 21.65 (13.25-32.65) |
| Vision-threatening diabetic retinopathy | ||
| Total | 1.84 (1.41-2.40) | 5.06 (3.90-6.57) |
| Nondifferentiated sex and genderb | ||
| Female | 0.78 (0.59-1.03) | 4.72 (3.55-6.18) |
| Male | 1.05 (0.78-1.41) | 5.34 (3.97-7.07) |
| Ethnicityc | ||
| Hispanic | 0.46 (0.29-0.66) | 7.14 (4.86-10.32) |
| Non-Hispanic | ||
| Racec | ||
| Black | 0.46 (0.31-0.67) | 8.66 (5.91-12.17) |
| White | 0.75 (0.46-1.17) | 3.55 (2.22-5.41) |
| Other | 0.16 (0.07-0.30) | 4.86 (2.18-9.21) |
Abbreviation: UI, uncertainty interval.
Prevalence rates in this Table were calculated using a denominator of persons with diabetes. Prevalence rates stratified by sex and gender were standardized for age and for race and ethnicity. Prevalence rates stratified by race and ethnicity were standardized for age and sex and gender.
Nondifferentiated sex and gender is a composite of sex- and gender-related variables in our data sources. No data sources measured sex and gender separately or included values besides “male” and “female,” preventing us from estimating prevalence in gender minority populations.
Ethnicity and race were self-reported. “Other” includes Alaska Native individuals, American Indian individuals, Asian individuals of any origin, multiracial individuals, Pacific Islander individuals, and other groups not otherwise classified.