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. 2023 May 3;123(11):6891–6952. doi: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00159

Figure 16.

Figure 16

Solar thermal water heating and evaporation. (a) Schematics of the different types of photothermal systems for water heating and evaporation. Reprinted with permission from ref (51). Copyright 2018 Royal Society of Chemistry. (b) Noncontact radiative transfer from the solar absorber to the water. Reprinted with permission from ref (441). Copyright 2018 Cooper et al., published under the CC BY 4.0 license http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. (c) Marangoni-effect-accelerated water flow and -enhanced solar evaporation. Reprinted with permission from ref (465). Copyright 2021 American Chemical Society. (d) Environmental-energy-enhanced solar evaporation. Reprinted with permission from ref (448). Copyright 2018 under Elsevier user license.