Table 5.

Observed and fitted^a cancers of the esophagus by dose category for various risk factors

Dose (Gy)	People	person yearsb	Cases	Fitted Values
				Total	Backgroundc	Non-radiation excessd	Radiation Excess
< 0.005	60,983	1,787,606	276	268.5	81.8	186.7	0.0
− 0.1	27,536	808,203	130	130.1	39.1	91.0	0.1
− 0.2	5,584	163,606	21	25.9	8.2	17.6	0.2
− 0.5	5,931	169,815	29	27.3	8.4	17.9	0.9
− 1	3,216	90,718	13	16.7	4.4	9.9	2.4
− 2	1,628	44,903	9	12.3	2.1	5.4	4.8
2+	566	14,642	8	5.2	0.6	1.7	2.9
Total	105,444	3,079,492	486	486.0	144.6	330.2	11.3
Male	42,910	1,142,236	394	394.0	65.7	318.8	9.6
Female	62,534	1,937,256	92	92.0	78.9	11.4	1.7

^aFitted cases were based on quadratic multiplicative dose-response model for all esophageal cancers with no sex difference in the risk.

^bThe person-years showed were rounded; the sum of the numeric totals does not necessarily equal the total in lowest row.

^cBackground cases are the expected number of cases in that would be expected on the cohort if there was no smoking, alcohol consumption or radiation exposure.

^dThe estimated number of esophageal cancers associated with alcohol and or smoking. The estimated number of smoking associated cases was 257.3 while 213.8 cases were estimated to be associated with alcohol drinking. N.B. since the estimates are based on a multiplicative model they include each 141.0 cases estimated to be associated with the joint effect of smoking and alcohol drinking.