Table 2.

The performance of the MLPNNs to predict the SY of rapeseed using all measured traits

Algorithm	Activation function	Best hidden layers topology	Training			Testing
			R2	RMSE	MAE	R2	RMSE	MAE
Multilayer Perceptron Neural Network (MLPNN)	Identity	5	0.840	0.260	0.200	0.832	0.292	0.233
	Logistic	5	0.760	0.319	0.244	0.816	0.306	0.208
	Tanh	4–5–5	0.857	0.246	0.188	0.827	0.295	0.234
	Relu	2-5-4-2	0.855	0.247	0.190	0.820	0.302	0.237

R² determination coefficient, RMSE root mean square error, MAE mean absolute error