Table 3.
NEC features, Oxygen and Ventilation data
| N = 109 | No ROP, N = 49 | Any ROP, N = 60 | p Value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clinical Presentation, n (%) | 0.004 | |||
| Abdominal Distension | 98 (91.6) | 41 (83.7) | 57 (98.3) | |
| Bloody Stools | 6 (5.61) | 6 (12.2) | 0 (0.00) | |
| Feeding Intolerance | 3 (2.80) | 2 (4.08) | 1 (1.72) | |
| Pneumatosis | 42 (38.9) | 22 (44.9) | 20 (33.9) | 0.332 |
| Pneumoperitoneum | 62 (57.4) | 25 (51.0) | 37 (62.7) | 0.304 |
| Portal Venous Gas | 7 (6.48) | 6 (12.2) | 1 (1.69) | 0.045 |
| Age of NEC Onset (days), median (IQR) | 11.0 [7.00;23.0] | 12.0 [5.00;23.0] | 11.0 [7.75;25.0] | 0.463 |
| Fulminant NEC, n (%) | 10 (9.26) | 4 (8.16) | 6 (10.2) | 0.99 |
| Present of Penrose Drain, n (%) | 51 (48.1) | 16 (34.0) | 35 (59.3) | 0.017 |
| Length of Bowel Resected (cm), median (IQR) | 10.7 [4.27;27.4] | 15.0 [5.35;36.6] | 9.70 [3.50;21.5] | 0.052 |
| Region of Bowel Resected, n (%) | 0.742 | |||
| Small Bowel Resected | 69 (69.0) | 33 (71.7) | 36 (66.7) | |
| Ileostomy, n (%) | 62 (56.9) | 23 (46.9) | 39 (65.0) | 0.089 |
| Colostomy, n (%) | 11 (10.1) | 2 (4.08) | 9 (15.0) | 0.107 |
| Jejunostomy, n (%) | 34 (31.2) | 19 (38.8) | 15 (25.0) | 0.181 |
| Combined large and Small Bowel Resected | 31 (31.0) | 13 (28.3) | 18 (33.3) | |
| Presence of Ileocecal Valve, n (%) | 76 (72.4) | 32 (66.7) | 44 (77.2) | 0.326 |
| Postoperative ileus days (days) (median [IQR]) | 13.0 [11.0;17.5] | 12.5 [11.0;17.2] | 13.0 [10.5;17.0] | 0.685 |
| Postoperative day at starting enteral feedings (days) (median [IQR]) | 14.0 [12.0;18.0] | 14.0 [12.0;18.0] | 14.0 [11.8;18.8] | 0.777 |
| Day attainment of full enteral feedings (120 ml/kg) (median [IQR]) | 65.5 [32.0;92.2] | 62.0 [41.0;93.0] | 69.0 [29.0;89.0] | 0.802 |
| Duration of parenteral nutrition (days) (median [IQR]) | 81.0 [38.0;118] | 76.5 [36.2;120] | 86.0 [39.0;118] | 0.600 |
| Surgical Morbidity (Infection, Adhesions, Strictures, Dehiscence), n (%) | 78 (71.6) | 36 (73.5) | 42 (70.0) | 0.852 |
| More than One Surgical Morbidity (Infection, Adhesions, Strictures, Dehiscence), n (%) | ||||
| Adhesions, n (%) | 56 (51.4) | 22 (44.9) | 34 (56.7) | 0.303 |
| Wound Dehiscence, n (%) | 28 (25.7) | 11 (22.4) | 17 (28.3) | 0.632 |
| Wound Infection, n (%) | 14 (12.8) | 10 (20.4) | 4 (6.67) | 0.065 |
| Stricture, n (%) | 12 (11.0) | 5 (10.2) | 7 (11.7) | 0.99 |
| Fistula, n (%) | 13 (11.9) | 5 (10.2) | 8 (13.3) | 0.838 |
| Compartment Syndrome, n (%) | 8 (7.34) | 2 (4.08) | 6 (10.0) | 0.291 |
| Intestinal Failure, n (%) | 32 (29.4) | 11 (22.4) | 21 (35.0) | 0.222 |
| Oxygen and ventilation data | ||||
| Day 7 Fio2 | 30.0 [21.5;39.0] | 21.0 [21.0;30.0] | 35.0 [29.0;46.5] | 0.001 |
| Fio2 Admission Out born | 44.5 [29.0;68.8] | 32.0 [27.5;43.8] | 51.0 [30.0;75.8] | 0.092 |
| Invasive ventilation duration before NEC | 7.00 [4.00;13.8] | 3.50 [1.00;4.75] | 8.50 [6.50;15.0] | <0.001 |
| Non-invasive duration before NEC | 8.00 [3.25;15.5] | 9.50 [6.25;16.2] | 3.50 [2.75;10.0] | 0.191 |
| Fio2 7 days before NEC | 25.5 [21.0;39.5] | 23.0 [21.0;33.2] | 28.0 [22.8;39.5] | 0.281 |
| Invasive vent duration after NEC (days) | 39.0 [12.0;57.0] | 16.0 [8.50;45.8] | 45.0 [18.0;65.0] | 0.001 |
| Non-invasive duration after NEC | 46.0 [22.0;73.0] | 24.0 [9.00;42.5] | 62.0 [38.5;99.5] | 0.001 |
| Fio2 after 2 weeks NEC | 29.0 [23.0;36.0] | 25.0 [21.0;30.5] | 30.0 [25.0;38.0] | 0.002 |
| Ileostomy, n (%) | 62 (56.9) | 23 (46.9) | 39 (65.0) | 0.089 |
| Colostomy, n (%) | 11 (10.1) | 2 (4.08) | 9 (15.0) | 0.107 |
| Jejunostomy, n (%) | 34 (31.2) | 19 (38.8) | 15 (25.0) | 0.181 |
| BPD, n (%) | 0.051 | |||
| No BPD | 12 (15.0) | 8 (23.5) | 4 (8.70) | |
| Mild | 9 (11.2) | 1 (2.94) | 8 (17.4) | |
| Moderate | 19 (23.8) | 10 (29.4) | 9 (19.6) | |
| Severe | 40 (50.0) | 15 (44.1) | 25 (54.3) | |
| Postnatal use of steroids, n (%) | 68 (63.0) | 29 (59.2) | 39 (66.1) | 0.588 |