Table 1.
Basal characteristics, risk factors and socioeconomic factors of all patients in both groups.
|
| |||
|---|---|---|---|
| GROUP I (N = 842) (CONTROLLED HTN) | GROUP II (N = 148)(RESISTANT HTN) | P. VALUE | |
|
| |||
| Age, years | 61.01 ± 11.02 | 62.94 ± 10.89 | 0.049* |
|
| |||
| Male gender, n (%) | 437 (51.9%) | 80 (54.1%) | 0.629 |
|
| |||
| Smoking, n (%) | 299 (35.5%) | 49 (33.1%) | 0.572 |
|
| |||
| Diabetes, n (%) | 261 (31.0%) | 51 (34.5%) | 0.403 |
|
| |||
| Dyslipidemia, n (%) | 307 (36.5%) | 52 (35.1%) | 0.757 |
|
| |||
| Cardiovascular diseases, n (%) | 159 (18.9%) | 30 (20.3%) | 0.692 |
|
| |||
| Chronic Kidney diseases, n (%) | 168 (20.0%) | 41 (27.7%) | 0.033* |
|
| |||
| Cerebrovascular diseases, n (%) | 80 (9.5%) | 19 (12.8%) | 0.212 |
|
| |||
| Peripheral vascular diseases, n (%) | 102 (12.1%) | 24 (16.2%) | 0.167 |
|
| |||
| Obstructive sleep apnea, n (%) | 44 (5.2%) | 14 (9.5%) | 0.043* |
|
| |||
| Obesity, n (%) | 172 (20.4%) | 42 (28.4%) | 0.030* |
|
| |||
| Family history of high blood pressure, n (%) | 271 (32.2%) | 48 (32.4%) | 0.953 |
|
| |||
| Lack of physical activity, n (%) | 448 (53.2%) | 86 (58.1%) | 0.270 |
|
| |||
| Atrial fibrillation, n (%) | 109 (12.9%) | 25 (16.9%) | 0.196 |
|
| |||
| Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs use, n (%) | 136 (16.2%) | 34 (23.0%) | 0.042* |
|
| |||
| Antidepressant drugs use, n (%) | 50 (5.9%) | 6 (4.1%) | 0.360 |
|
| |||
| Corticosteroid drugs use, n (%) | 52 (6.2%) | 12 (8.1%) | 0.378 |
|
| |||
| Cholesterol lowering medication use, n (%) | 442 (52.5%) | 72 (48.6%) | 0.388 |
|
| |||
| Antiplatelet medication use, n (%) | 377 (44.8%) | 64 (43.2%) | 0.730 |
|
| |||
| Diuretics, n (%) | 601 (71.4%) | 148 (100%) | 0.001* |
|
| |||
| Beta-blocker, n (%) | 535 (63.5%) | 98 (66.2%) | 0.532 |
|
| |||
| ACE inhibitors OR ARB, n (%) | 513 (60.9%) | 133 (89.9%) | 0.001* |
|
| |||
| Calcium channel blocker, n (%) | 495 (58.8%) | 127 (85.8%) | 0.001* |
|
| |||
| Others, n (%) | 245 (29.1%) | 42 (28.4%) | 0.859 |
|
| |||
| History of non-adherence to medication, n (%) | 297 (35.3%) | 65 (43.9%) | 0.044* |
|
| |||
| Marital status, married, n (%) | 495 (58.8%) | 88 (59.5%) | 0.878 |
|
| |||
| Income category, low income, n (%) | 477 (56.7%) | 89 (60.1%) | 0.430 |
|
| |||
| Level of education, lower, n (%) | 369 (43.8%) | 78 (52.7%) | 0.045* |
|
| |||
| Residence, urban, n (%) | 481 (57.1%) | 82 (55.4%) | 0.697 |
|
| |||
| Occupational status, employed, n (%) | 450 (53.4%) | 77 (52.0%) | 0.750 |
|
| |||
| Health insurance, n (%) | 347 (41.2%) | 60 (40.5%) | 0.878 |
|
| |||
| Excessive salty diet, n (%) | 409 (48.6%) | 90 (60.8%) | 0.006* |
|
| |||
*: Significant P value, ACE: angiotensin converting enzyme; ARB, angiotensin receptor blockers.