Table 2.
Demographics and baseline characteristics of patients with positive PCR tests, and their outcome according to the presence of antibiotic prescription following PCR test results (n=88)
| No antibiotic prescriptionN = 37 | Antibiotic prescriptionN = 51 | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (mean ± SD, years) | 90.4 ± 7.3 | 90.2 ± 5.5 | 0.888 |
| Female | 29 (75.7) | 34 (66.7) | 0.361 |
| Major neuro-cognitive disorder | 25 (67.6) | 39 (76.5) | 0.468 |
| Charlson comorbidity index (mean ± SD) | 6.6 ± 2.1 | 6.8 ± 1.6 | 0.744 |
| BMI (mean ± SD, kg/m2) | 22.3 ± 6.2 | 22.1 ± 4.9 | 0.922 |
| Antibiotics prescribed before PCR testing | 10 (27.0) | 12 (23.5) | 0.708 |
| Clinical signs | |||
| Systolic blood pressure < 90 mmHg | 1 (2.7) | 4 (7.8) | NA |
| Temperature ≥ 38.3°C | 5 (13.5) | 9 (17.7) | 0.061 |
| Oxygen saturation < 94% | 16 (43.2) | 22 (43.1) | 0.992 |
| Oxygen flow rate ≥ 1L/min | 13 (35.1) | 20 (39.2) | 0.696 |
| Cough | 26 (70.3) | 40 (78.4) | 0.383 |
| Sputum | 9 (24.3) | 14 (27.5) | 0.742 |
| Confusion | 6 (16.2) | 13 (25.5) | 0.297 |
| Heart failure | 12 (32.4) | 22 (43.1) | 0.309 |
| Crackles | 10 (27.0) | 20 (39.2) | 0.234 |
| Biological parameters | |||
| Albumin level < 35 g/L | 22 (59.5) | 38 (74.5) | 0.135 |
| Neutrophils count ≥ 7.5 G/L | 10 (27.0) | 24 (47.1) | 0.057 |
| Lymphocytes count < 1.0 G/L | 18 (48.7) | 28 (54.9) | 0.562 |
| C-Reactive Protein level ≥ 5 mg/L | 31 (83.8) | 49 (96.1) | 0.048 |
| Renal failure* | |||
| Absent (eGFR > 90 mL /min/1.73m2) | 1 (2.7) | 1 (2.0.) | 0.818 |
| Mild (eGFR < 90 mL/min/1.73m2) | 16 (43.2) | 24 (47.1) | 0.723 |
| Moderate (eGFR < 60 mL/min/1.73m2) | 19 (51.4) | 19 (37.3) | 0.188 |
| Severe (eGFR < 30 mL/min/1.73m2) | 1 (2.7) | 7 (13.7) | 0.076 |
| Pulmonary edema | 9 (27.3) | 11 (21.6) | 0.549 |
| Pleural effusion | 5 (15.2) | 2 (3.9) | 0.106 |
| Radiological infiltrate | 3 (8.1) | 21 (41.2) | 0.001 |
| PCR results | |||
| Flu virus (A) | 20 (54.1) | 16 (31.4) | 0.033 |
| Rhinovirus | 6 (16.2) | 14 (27.5) | 0.214 |
| Respiratory Syncitial Virus | 3 (8.1) | 12 (23.5) | 0.084 |
| Metapneumovirus | 3 (8.1) | 4 (7.8) | 1.000 |
| Outcome | |||
| Clinical cure at end of hospitalization | 30 (81.1) | 40 (78.4) | 0.761 |
| Recurrence at Day 30 | 1 (2.7) | 2 (3.9) | > 1.000 |
| Death during hospitalization | 5 (13.5) | 8 (15.7) | 1.000 |
| Death all cause at Day 30 | 7 (24.1) | 10 (31.3) | 0.580 |
| Absence of rehospitalization at Day 30 | 7 (24.1) | 5 (22.7) | 1.000 |
Data are n (%) unless otherwise stated.
* according to Cockroft and Gault
BMI: body-mass index; eGFR: estimated glomerular filtration rate; PCR: polymerase chain reaction; SD: standard deviation