Table 1.
Baseline characteristic of included studies
| Study | Publication year | Study type | Total number of participants (C/TXA) | Gender (M/F) | Control mean age (years) | TXA mean age (years) | TXA dose | Placebo used |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ahmed et al. | 2020 | RCT | 120 (60/60) | 59/61 | 65.87 ± 8.60 | 65.60 ± 8.17 | 15 mg/kg preoperatively | Saline (same dose) |
| AlSumadi et al. | 2021 | Prospective Cohort Study | 613 (306/307) | 171/441 | 82.00 ± 8.80 | 82.00 ± 8.50 | 1 g on induction of anesthesia (1 dose) | NR |
| Chen et al. | 2019 | RCT | 176 (88/88) | 76/100 | 77.40 ± 6.80 | 76.80 ± 7.00 | 15 mg/kg in 100 mL of saline 15 min before, during surgery and 3 h after surgery (3 doses) | Saline (100 mL) |
| Hao et al. | 2020 | RCT | 65 (32/33) | 20/45 | 72.25 ± 7.65 | 75.15 ± 9.36 | 1 g 30 min before operation | Equal volume of physiological saline |
| Huang et al. | 2021 | RCT | 156 (78/78) | 83/73 | 76.90 ± 5.40 | 77.70 ± 5.60 | 20 mg/kg 30 min before surgery (1 dose) | NR |
| Lei et al. | 2017 | RCT | 77 (40/37) | 12/65 | 79.20 ± 6.50 | 77.80 ± 9.80 | 1 g in 200 mL of saline before surgery (1 dose) | Saline (200 mL) |
| Luo et al. | 2019 | RCT | 90 (46/44) | 43/47 | 76.10 ± 9.30 | 75.10 ± 8.00 | 15 mg/kg 15 min before and 3 h after surgery (2 doses) | Saline (100 mL) |
| Narkbunnam et al. | 2021 | RCT | 60 (30/30) | 16/44 | 73.10 ± 5.25 | 78.80 ± 6.50 | 750 mg (250 mg/5 mL) before skin incision | Normal saline (20 mL) |
| Nikolaou et al. | 2021 | RCT | 165 (88/77) | 41/124 | 83.40 ± 12.00 | 82.90 ± 8.80 | 15 mg/kg in 100 mL saline 5 min before surgery (1 dose) | Saline (100 mL) |
| Qingyan et al. | 2020 | RCT | 30 (15/15) | 15/15 | 73.10 ± 5.25 | 71.20 ± 6.00 | 1 g before operation | Saline (100 mL) |
| Qiu et al. | 2020 | Prospective Cohort Study | 80 (40/40) | 43/37 | 66.90 ± 5.80 | 68.20 ± 7.30 | 15 mg/kg 20 min before surgery (1 dose) | Saline (15 mg/kg) |
| Schiavone et al. | 2018 | RCT | 90 (43/47) | 27/63 | 84.30 ± 8.30 | 84.30 ± 8.30 | 15 mg/kg at time of surgical incision (1 dose) | Saline (15 mg/kg) |
| Tian et al. | 2018 | RCT | 100 (50/50) | 33/67 | 79.30 ± 6.60 | 77.74 ± 6.50 | 10 mg/kg 10 min before surgery and 5 h after surgery (2 doses) | NR |
| Watts et al. | 2017 | RCT | 138 (69/69) | 43/95 | 82.20 ± 10.00 | 81.00 ± 10.00 | 15 mg/kg at time of surgical incision and at wound closure, administered over 10 min (2 doses) | Saline (100 mL) |
| Zhang et al. | 2020 | RCT | 122 (61/61) | 62/60 | 76.10 ± 16.60 | 79.10 ± 11.90 | 1 g in 100 mL of saline 10 min before surgery and 3 h after surgery (2 doses) | Saline (100 mL) |
| Zhaopeng et al. | 2020 | Prospective Cohort Study | 60(30/30) | 24/36 | 82.57 ± 7.87 | 79.70 ± 7.40 | 0.5 g within 30 min before incision | 100 mL 5% glucose solution |
| Zhi-Chao et al. | 2018 | Prospective Cohort Study | 108(52/56) | 41/55 | 72.33 ± 7.03 | 72.13 ± 6.88 | 1 g in 250 mL of physiological saline, preoperatively | Normal saline (250 mL) |
| Zhou et al. | 2019 | RCT | 100 (50/50) | 37/63 | 77.80 ± 6.40 | 75.10 ± 8.27 | 1 g in 100 mL 15 min before surgery (1 dose) | NR |
C Control group, F Female, M Male, NR Not Reported, RCT Randomized clinical trial, TXA Tranexamic acid group