Table 3.

Summary of studies on outcomes of autologous serum eye drops in aqueous deficiency dry eye disease (minimum sample size of 10)

First Author	Year	Design	Sample size	Avg duration (m)	Conc (%)	Outcome Assessment	Outcomes
Fox[4]	1984	Case series + Crossover	15	10.3	33	RB surface staining, subjective symptom score	Improvement noted in both surface staining and symptom score
Tsubota[5]	1999	Case series	12	0.5	20	RB & FS surface staining, subjective symptom score	Improvement noted in both surface staining and symptom score
Tananuvat[17]	2001	RCT	12	2	20	RB & FS surface staining, Schirmer’s test, TBUT, CIC, subjective symptom score	No statistical difference between treatment and control groups
Ogawa[18]	2003	Case series	14	19.4	20	RB & FS surface staining, Schirmer’s test, TBUT, CIC Corneal sensitivity score, subjective symptom score	Improvement in symptom score, surface staining scores & TBUT at 4 weeksa
Noble[19]	2004	Randomized controlled crossover trial	16	3	50	RB & FS surface staining, Schirmer’s test, fluorescein clearance test, subjective symptom score, CIC	Improvement in symptom score and impression cytology grading favoring ASb
Kojima[20]	2005	RCT	23	0.5	20	RB & FS surface staining, Schirmer’s test, TBUT, subjective symptom score	Improvement in surface staining, TBUT and subjective symptom score favoring ASb
Noda- Tsuruya[21]	2006	RCT	27	6	NA	RB & FS surface staining, Schirmer’s test, TBUT & subjective symptom scores	Improvement in TBUT and RB staining favoring ASb
Yoon[22]	2007	Prospective case-control study	48	2	20	RB & FS surface staining, Schirmer’s test, TBUT, CIC, corneal sensitivity score, tear clearance rate, subjective symptom score	Improvement in surface staining, TBUT, grade of conjunctival squamous metaplasia, goblet cell density, and subjective symptom scoreb,c
Lee[23]	2008	Case series	23	17.3	20	Surface staining, subjective symptoms	Improvement in surface staining and subjective symptomsd
Urzua[24]	2012	Double-blind RCT	12	0.5	20	Surface staining (OXFORD scale), TBUT, OSDI	Improvement favoring AS in OSDI scoreb
Lopez- Garcia[25]	2013	Double-blind RCT	26	2	20	RB & FS surface staining, Schirmer’s test, TBUT, CIC, subjective symptom scores	Improvement in all parameters except Schirmer’s test with treatmente
Celebi[26]	2014	Double-blind RCT	20	1	20	Surface staining (OXFORD scale), Schirmer’s test, TBUT, OSDI	Improvement in symptom score (OSDI) & TBUT favoring ASb
Hussain[27]	2014	Case series	63	12	50	Surface staining (OXFORD scale), Schirmer’s test, TBUT, OSDI	Improvement in surface staining, Schirmer’s test, and symptom scoref
Hwang[28]	2014	Comparative study	34	1	50	Surface staining (OXFORD scale), Schirmer’s test, TBUT, subjective symptom score	Improvement in all parameters in the patients with primary Sjogren syndromeg
Liu[29]	2015	Case series	28	42.3	20	RB & FS surface staining, Schirmer’s test, TBUT	Improvement in surface staining scores & TBUTb,h
Mahelkova[30]	2017	Case series	26	3	20	Surface staining (OXFORD scale), OSDI, IVCM	Improvement in surface staining, OSDI scores, & density of basal epithelial cells on IVCM after treatment

^aBeyond 12 months of follow-up, 7 out of 14 patients maintained good response; ^bno differences in one or more of the other parameters studied; ^cgreater improvement with umbilical cord serum compared to autologous serum in symptom score, surface staining and goblet cell density; ^donly descriptive statistics were used for analysis; ^emore improvement in group where sodium hyaluronate was used as diluent, compared to group where saline was used as diluent; ^fpotential confounding factor: concomitant use of scleral contact lenses by 33% of patients; ^gno improvement in parameters in patients with secondary Sjogren’s syndrome; ^hpotential confounding factor: concomitant use of punctal plugs by 12 patients