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. 2023 Jun 17;13:9855. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-36096-2

Table 9.

General performance for the different DNN models for both single and multi-output targets.

M1 M2 M3 M4 M5 SMR-ML SMR-NN
Single-output (porosity)
 R2 0.88 0.99 0.97 0.97 0.96 0.99 0.99
 MAE 0.009 0.002 0.003 0.003 0.004 0.001 0.002
 C. Time (min) 0.5 1.2 1.1 1.7 0.3 55.6 4.8
Single-output (permeability [mD])
 R2 0.58 0.90 0.92 0.92 0.90 0.99 0.99
 MAE 0.06 0.02 0.014 0.02 0.02 0.0002 0.012
 C. Time (min) 0.4 1.1 1.1 1.5 0.3 229.4 4.5
Multi-output (porosity and permeability [mD])
 R2 0.77 0.95 0.96 0.96 0.95 0.93 0.96
 MAE 0.12 0.02 0.03 0.02 0.03 0.107 0.018
 C. Time (min) 1.2 2.5 3.5 4.4 0.5 10.0 12.1