Table 2.
Primary and secondary outcomes in the prone position and usual care groups
| No. of events/total No. of patients | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Prone position | Usual care | Adjusted OR (95%CI) a | P-value | |
| Primary outcome | ||||
| Non-invasive ventilation or tracheal intubation, or death within 28 days | 19/135 | 17/132 | 0.43 (0.14–1.35) | 0.15 |
| Secondary outcomes | ||||
| Non-invasive ventilation within 28 days of enrolmentb,c | 12/135 | 8/132 | 4.86 (0.95–24.87) | 0.057 |
| Tracheal intubation within 28 days of enrolment | 10/135 | 13/132 | 0.11 (0.01–0.89) | 0.038 |
| Tracheal intubation or death within 28 days of enrolment | 10/135 | 14/132 | 0.09 (0.01–0.76) | 0.027 |
| Death within 28 days | 0/135 | 4/132 | _ | _d |
| Rate of transfer to the ICU within 28 days of enrolment | 21/135 | 20/135 | 1.04 (0.53–2.05) | 0.91 |
| Weaning from oxygen in hospital ward within 28 days | 117/135 | 110/132 | 1.50 (0.71–3.17) | 0.29 |
| Death during hospitalisation | 2/135 e | 4/132 | 0.49 (0.09–2.74) | 0.41 |
| Do-not-intubate order after inclusion within 28 daysf | 1/135 | 2/132 | _ | _d |
| Readmission in hospital after hospital discharge and within 28 days | 2/135 g | 0/132 | _ | _d |
| Median (IQR) | Median difference (95%CI) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Duration of oxygen therapy in patients not transferred to the ICU or undergoing non-invasive ventilation or intubation, days | 5 (3–8) | 5 (3.5–8) | 0 (− 1 to 1) | .95 |
| Length of hospitalisation, days | 7 (5–11) | 7 (7–12) | 0 (− 1 to 1.5) | .79 |
OR odds ratio, CI confidence interval, ICU intensive care unit
aOdds-ratios were adjusted for stratification
bAmong the 20 patients who underwent non-invasive ventilation, 7 (5 in the prone position group and 2 in the usual care group) were not transferred to an ICU. Among the remaining 13 patients, 2 (1 in each group) underwent non-invasive ventilation the day before ICU admission, and 11 within the first 2 days of ICU admission
cAmong the 20 patients who underwent non-invasive ventilation, 25% (3/12) in the prone position group and 62.5% (5/8) in the usual care group were intubated and/or died thereafter
dThere were too few events to allow for meaningful logistic regression analysis
eTwo patients died during their hospitalisation after day 28
fAll three patients died within 28 days of inclusion
gThe two patients were readmitted to an ICU