Table 2.
Sociodemographic and Clinical Characteristics
| N=189 | |
|---|---|
| Age, years, mean (SD) | 36.1 (9.4) |
| Sex (female), n (%) | 135 (71.4) |
| Education, n (%) | |
| University | 151 (79.9) |
| Living status, n (%) | |
| With a partner/family members | 164 (86.8) |
| Working status, n (%) | |
| Partial or full-time employed | 130 (68.8) |
| Time since disease onset, years, median (IQR) | 1.4 (0.7, 2.1) |
| Number of relapses since first attack, mean (SD) | 1.8 (8.4) |
| Number of patients under DMT, n (%) | 132 (69.8) |
| EDSS score, median (IQR) | 1.0 (0, 2.0) |
| 9-HPT (dominant hand) score, seconds, mean (SD) | 20.2 (7.5)a |
| T25-FW score, seconds, mean (SD) | 5.8 (3.6)b |
| SDMT score, mean (SD) | 51.7 (14.7)c |
| ≤49 correct answers, n (%) | 81 (43.1) |
| SyMS score, mean (SD) | 12.0 (10.8) |
| B-IPQ score, mean (SD) | 38.0 (11.8) |
| MSIS-29 | |
| Physical impact score, mean (SD) | 29.2 (11.3) |
| Psychological impact score, mean (SD) | 17.2 (6.6) |
| MFIS-5 score, mean (SD) | 6.2 (5.1) |
| Pain VAS score, mean (SD) | 14.1 (23.1) |
| STHS | |
| Trait score, mean (SD) | 2.0 (0.5) |
| State score, mean (SD) | 2.0 (0.5) |
| State score ≥1.8, n (%) | 124 (65.6) |
| HADS | |
| Anxiety score, mean (SD) | 7.8 (4.3) |
| Depression score, mean (SD) | 4.1 (3.9) |
| Anxiety, probable cases, n (%) | 47 (24.9) |
| Depression, probable cases, n (%) | 13 (6.9) |
| SSCI-8 score, mean (SD) | 10.4 (3.9) |
| >8, n (%) | 107 (56.6) |
| PDQ-5 score, mean (SD) | 4.9 (4.4) |
| MSWDQ-23 total score, median (IQR) | 11.4 (4.6, 27.3)b |
| Physical barriers, median (IQR) | 9.4 (3.1, 25.0)b |
| Psychological/cognitive barriers, median (IQR) | 11.4 (4.5, 27.3)b |
| External barriers, median (IQR) | 12.5 (0, 37.5)b |
Notes: aN=187, bN=183, cN=188.
Abbreviations: 9-HPT, 9-Hole Peg Test; B-IPQ, Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire; DMT, Disease-modifying therapy; EDSS, Expanded Disability Status Scale; HADS, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale; IQR, Interquartile range; MFIS-5, 5-item Modified Fatigue Scale; MSIS-29, Multiple Sclerosis Impact Scale; MSWDQ-23, 23-item Multiple Sclerosis Work Difficulties Questionnaire; PDQ-5, Perceived Deficits Questionnaire; SD, Standard deviation; SDMT, Symbol Digit Modalities Scale; SSCI-8, Stigma Scale for Chronic Illness; STHS, State-Trait Hopelessness Scale; SyMS, SymptoMScreen; T25-FW, Timed 25-Foot Walk; VAS, Visual Analogue Scale.