Table 1.

Summary of miRNAs involved in CVDs.

CVD	miRNA	Target genes	Biological role of miRNA	Ref.
Atherosclerosis	miR-10a	MAP3K7 and BTRC	Reduced expression of endothelial adhesion molecules and proinflammatory cytokines	12
	miR-126	Dlk1	Enhanced proliferation of endothelial cells	15
	miR-155	Hbp1	Increased lipid uptake, synthesis of ROS, and foam cell formation	17
	miR-33a	ABCA1	Reduced cholesterol efflux and increased foam cell formation	18
	miR-145	KLF5	Prevents neointima formation	19
	miR-362	ADAMTS1	Prevents vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration into the intima	22
Myocardial infarction (MI)	miR-1	Kcnj2 and Gja1	Decreased cardiac conductivity and induction of arrhythmias	24
	miR-433	Azin1	Activates TGF-β signaling to induce cardiac fibrosis	25
	miR-24	Gata2 and Pak4	Induction of apoptosis of endothelial cells and reduced neovascularization of the ischemic myocardium	26
	miR-134	Kdm2a	Repression of myocardial angiogenesis after MI	27
Hypertension and hypertensive heart disease	miR-181a and miR-663	REN	Downregulation may lead to higher renin expression in the renal cortex of hypertensive patients	29
	miR-143	ACE2	Downregulation may enhance ACE2 expression in the arteries of hypertensive patients	30
	miR-26	Gata4	Prevents pressure overload-induced cardiac hypertrophy	31
	miR-217	Pten	Promotes cardiac hypertrophy via AKT pathway activation	32
	miR-214	Sirt3	Enhances mitochondrial dysfunction and cardiac hypertrophy	33

CVD: cardiovascular disease; ROS: reactive oxygen species; MI: myocardial infarction