Table 2.
Univariate and multivariable ORs for improvement of immune-related adverse events within 1 month of anti-IL-6R therapy
| Covariate | Univariate model | Multivariable model (n=84) | ||
| OR (95% CI) | P value | aOR (95% CI) | P value | |
| Age | ||||
| ≤50 years | 1.00 (Ref) | |||
| >50 years | 1.17 (0.37 to 3.71) | 0.78 | ||
| Sex | ||||
| Male | 1.00 (Ref) | |||
| Female | 0.9 (0.31 to 2.56) | 0.84 | ||
| Cancer type | ||||
| Melanoma | 1.00 (Ref) | |||
| Bladder | 1.49 (0.27 to 8.22) | 0.65 | ||
| Breast | 1.42 (0.01 to 148.72) | 0.88 | ||
| Non-small cell lung cancer | 2.03 (0.34 to 12.14) | 0.44 | ||
| Prostate | 4.47 (0.25 to 80.00) | 0.31 | ||
| Renal cell carcinoma | 2.53 (0.71 to 9.02) | 0.15 | ||
| Squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck | 0.89 (0.02 to 40.10) | 0.95 | ||
| Others | 2.48 (0.39 to 15.82) | 0.34 | ||
| Checkpoint inhibitor monotherapy versus combination therapy | ||||
| Monotherapy | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) | ||
| Combination ICIs | 3.67 (1.29 to 10.45) | 0.02 | 4.40 (1.34 to 14.44) | 0.01 |
| Checkpoint inhibitor type | ||||
| Anti-PD-1/PD-L1 | 1.00 (Ref) | |||
| Anti-CTLA-4 based therapy (anti-CTLA-4 single agent or anti-CTLA-4 + anti-PD-1) | 2.92 (1.01 to 8.45) | 0.05 | ||
| History of prior autoimmune disease | ||||
| No | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) | ||
| Yes | 0.12 (0.01 to 0.93) | 0.04 | 0.11 (0.01 to 1.01) | 0.05 |
| Positive autoimmune markers | ||||
| No | 1.00 (Ref) | |||
| Yes | 0.95 (0.31 to 2.94) | 0.93 | ||
| Type of irAEs treated with anti-IL-6R | ||||
| Arthritis | 1.00 (Ref) | |||
| Non-arthritis | 1.68 (0.54 to 5.23) | 0.37 | ||
| Corticosteroids as first-line therapy for irAEs | ||||
| No | 1.00 (Ref) | |||
| Yes | 3.52 (0.42 to 29.31) | 0.25 | ||
| Corticosteroid sparing agents as first-line therapy for irAEs | ||||
| No | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) | ||
| Yes | 0.23 (0.06 to 0.85) | 0.03 | 0.17 (0.04 to 0.76) | 0.02 |
| Anti-IL-6R dose | ||||
| 162 mg | 1.00 (Ref) | |||
| 200 mg | 4.86 (0.58 to 40.55) | 0.14 | ||
| 4 mg/kg | 1.62 (0.47 to 5.55) | 0.44 | ||
| 8 mg/kg | 2.43 (0.63 to 9.34) | 0.20 | ||
| Corticosteroid use with anti-IL-6R | ||||
| No | 1.00 (Ref) | |||
| Yes | 1.22 (0.36 to 4.23) | 0.75 | ||
| Corticosteroid dose with anti-IL-6R | ||||
| None | 1.00 (Ref) | |||
| <5 mg prednisone equivalent | 3.75 (0.40 to 35.54) | 0.25 | ||
| 5–10 mg prednisone equivalent | 1.21 (0.33 to 4.50) | 0.78 | ||
| >10 mg prednisone equivalent | 0.94 (0.20 to 4.44) | 0.94 | ||
anti-IL-6R, anti-interleukin-6 receptor; aOR, adjusted OR; CTLA-4, cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated protein 4; ICI, immune checkpoint inhibitor; irAE, immune-related adverse event; PD-1, programmed cell death protein 1; PD-L1, programmed cell death ligand 1.