Table 1.
Patients’ characteristics
| Variables | PPM+ (N=208) |
PPM– (N=208) |
P value |
| Mean age (matched) | 86.25 (±7.0) | 86.37 (±7.4) | 0.79* |
| Sex=female (matched) | 107 (51.4%) | 107 (51.4%) | 1.00 |
| Mechanism of injury | 0.12† | ||
| Ground level fall | 110 (52.9%) | 128 (61.5%) | |
| Fall from height | 57 (27.4%) | 54 (26.0%) | |
| MVC/Pedestrian struck | 32 (15.4%) | 23 (11.1) | |
| Others | 9 (4.3%) | 3 (1.4%) | |
| Mean ISS (matched) | 10.74 (±8.3) | 10.42 (±7.2) | 0.90* |
| Mean RTS | 7.74 (±0.6) | 7.60 (±0.7) | 0.0028* |
| Hospital LOS | 5.8 (±7.0) | 4.8 (±4.5) | 0.38* |
| ICU LOS | 3.7 (±4.1) | 3.3 (±2.9) | 0.80* |
| Discharge disposition | 0.23† | ||
| Expired | 20 (9.6%) | 16 (7.7%) | |
| Home | 82 (39.4%) | 97 (46.6%) | |
| Rehab | 96 (46.2%) | 91 (43.8%) | |
| Transfer | 10 (4.8%) | 4 (1.9%) | |
| SICU admission | 138 (66.4%) | 141 (67.8%) | 0.75 |
| Operative intervention | 63 (30.3%) | 54 (26.0%) | 0.33 |
| In-hospital mortality | 20 (9.6%) | 16 (7.7%) | 0.49 |
| Mean Charlson CI | 5.21 (±1.47) | 5.39 (±1.74) | 0.42* |
| HFrEF | 33 (15.9%) | 14 (6.7%) | 0.003 |
| Hypertension | 157 (74.5%) | 158 (76.0%) | 0.91 |
| CAD | 91 (43.8%) | 71 (34.1%) | 0.04 |
| Acute MI | 20 (9.6%) | 17 (8.2%) | 0.61 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 42 (20.2%) | 44 (21.2%) | 0.81 |
| CKD | 18 (8.7%) | 12 (5.8%) | 0.26 |
| CVA | 29 (13.9%) | 29 (13.9%) | 1.00 |
| Hyperlipidemia | 88 (42.3%) | 84 (40.4%) | 0.69 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 125 (60.1%) | 47 (22.6%) | <0.0001 |
| Antithrombotics | 88 (42.3%) | 46 (22.1%) | <0.0001 |
*Wilcoxon rank sum test; means shown for illustrative purposes only.
†Fisher’s exact test.
CAD, coronary artery disease; CI, Comorbidity Index; CKD, chronic kidney disease; CVA, cerebrovascular accident; HRrEF, Heart failure with reduced ejection fraction; ISS, Injury severity score; MI, myocardial infarction; MVC, motor vehicular crash; pRBC, packed red blood cell; RTS, revised trauma score; SICU, surgical intensive care unit.