Table 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics by number of previous CDs
| Characteristic | 1 previous CD (n=2,922,602) | 2 previous CDs (n=951,875) | ≥3 previous CDs (n=293,358) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Birth year | <.001 | |||
| 2010 | 224,205 (7.7) | 69,216 (7.3) | 18,781 (6.4) | |
| 2011 | 254,282 (8.7) | 78,993 (8.3) | 21,839 (7.4) | |
| 2012 | 265,724 (9.1) | 84,023 (8.8) | 23,909 (8.2) | |
| 2013 | 276,866 (9.5) | 88,294 (9.3) | 25,797 (8.8) | |
| 2014 | 302,984 (10.4) | 97,900 (10.3) | 29,754 (10.1) | |
| 2015 | 317,392 (10.9) | 104,270 (11.0) | 32,097 (10.9) | |
| 2016 | 327,496 (11.2) | 108,196 (11.4) | 34,557 (11.8) | |
| 2017 | 322,887 (11.0) | 107,989 (11.3) | 35,163 (12.0) | |
| 2018 | 319,356 (10.9) | 108,292 (11.4) | 35,972 (12.3) | |
| 2019 | 311,410 (10.7) | 104,702 (11.0) | 35,489 (12.1) | |
| Age (y) | <.001 | |||
| <20 | 41,154 (1.4) | 3551 (0.4) | 288 (0.1) | |
| 20–34 | 2,208,248 (75.6) | 699,070 (73.4) | 204,185 (69.6) | |
| ≥35 | 673,200 (23.0) | 249,254 (26.2) | 88,885 (30.3) | |
| Race and ethnicity | <.001 | |||
| Non-Hispanic White | 1,518,583 (52.0) | 450,912 (47.4) | 124,999 (42.6) | |
| Non-Hispanic Black | 409,004 (14.0) | 151,312 (15.9) | 56,244 (19.2) | |
| Non-Hispanic Asian or Pacific Islander | 221,682 (7.6) | 38,293 (4.0) | 6153 (2.1) | |
| Hispanic | 699,283 (23.9) | 284,873 (29.9) | 94,592 (32.2) | |
| Other or unknown | 74,050 (2.5) | 26,485 (2.8) | 11,370 (3.9) | |
| Parity | <.001 | |||
| 1 | 1,610,187 (55.1) | 832 (0.1) | 68 (0.0) | |
| 2 | 682,631 (23.4) | 528,685 (55.5) | 371 (0.1) | |
| ≥3 | 608,151 (20.8) | 415,618 (43.7) | 29,0621 (99.1) | |
| Previous vaginal delivery | 1,290,782 (44.2) | 415,618 (43.7) | 138,636 (47.3) | <.001 |
| Gestational age at delivery (wk) | <.001 | |||
| 37–38 | 912,923 (31.2) | 325,920 (34.2) | 113,036 (38.5) | |
| 39–40 | 1,773,504 (60.7) | 564,555 (59.3) | 162,225 (55.3) | |
| 41–42 | 236,175 (8.1) | 61,400 (6.5) | 18,097 (6.2) | |
| Obesity | 948,138 (32.4) | 358,191 (37.6) | 123,398 (42.1) | <.001 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 245,273 (8.4) | 88,560 (9.3) | 29,214 (10.0) | <.001 |
| Hypertension | 189,450 (6.5) | 62,955 (6.6) | 20,800 (7.1) | <.001 |
| Medicaid | 1,181,616 (40.4) | 483,742 (50.8) | 179,837 (61.3) | <.001 |
| Inadequate prenatal care | 164,628 (5.6) | 67,919 (7.1) | 31,072 (10.6) | <.001 |
| Induction or augmentation | 320,012 (10.9) | 34,598 (3.6) | 7083 (2.4) | <.001 |
Data are presented as number (percentage), unless otherwise indicated. P values were calculated using chi-square tests for independence between the number of previous CDs and the clinical and demographic characteristics.
CD, cesarean delivery.
Pineles. Trial of labor after cesarean rates and success. Am J Obstet Gynecol Glob Rep 2023.