. 2022 Jan 25;53(8):3345–3354. doi: 10.1017/S0033291721005377

Table 2.

Differences in the magnitude of the average individually standardised cross-lagged effects with respect to baseline covariates

Covariate		(Hypo)mania (ASRM) and Insomnia		Depression (QIDS) and Insomnia
Covariate		(Hypo)mania_t₋₁→Insomnia_t	Insomnia_t₋₁→(Hypo)mania_t	Depression_t₋₁→Insomnia_t	Insomnia_t₋₁→Depression_t
Bipolar subtype	BD-I	0.031 (0.007)	0.015 (0.006)	0.051 (0.007)	0.026 (0.006)
	BD-II	−0.013 (0.008)	−0.004 (0.008)	0.091 (0.009)	0.013 (0.007)
	Difference	−0.044 (−0.065 to −0.023) p < 0.001	−0.019 (−0.039 to 0.001) p = 0.058	0.040 (0.018 to 0.062) p < 0.001	−0.013 (−0.031 to 0.005) p = 0.159
Gender	Male	0.000 (0.009)	−0.010 (0.009)	0.056 (0.009)	0.022 (0.008)
	Female	0.019 (0.006)	0.016 (0.006)	0.069 (0.007)	0.021 (0.006)
	Difference	0.019 (−0.002 to 0.040) p = 0.079	0.026 (0.005 to 0.047) p = 0.017	0.013 (−0.009 to 0.035) p = 0.255	−0.001 (−0.021 to 0.019) p = 0.920
Age	<55 years	0.013 (0.007)	0.010 (0.008)	0.069 (0.007)	0.035 (0.008)
	⩾55 years	0.009 (0.008)	0.009 (0.008)	0.057 (0.009)	0.000 (0.008)
	Difference	−0.004 (−0.025 to 0.017) p = 0.707	−0.001 (−0.023 to 0.021) p = 0.930	−0.012 (−0.034 to 0.010) p = 0.293	−0.035 (−0.057 to −0.013) p = 0.002
History of rapid cycling	No	0.017 (0.006)	0.002 (0.005)	0.067 (0.006)	0.024 (0.006)
	Yes	−0.013 (0.011)	0.018 (0.011)	0.063 (0.012)	0.020 (0.010)
	Difference	−0.030 (−0.055 to −0.005) p = 0.017	0.016 (−0.008 to 0.040) p = 0.186	−0.004 (−0.030 to 0.022) p = 0.766	−0.004 (−0.027 to 0.019) p = 0.732

Values in parentheses denote standard errors, results in square brackets denote 95% CIs. p values quoted are two-tailed.