Fig. 3.
Discovery of pentasaccharide biomarkers H3N2a and H3N2b. (a) H3N2a in human urine, plasma, and CSF samples. Data are presented as median ± interquartile area on log scale. Mann–Whitney U-test was used to compare GM1 gangliosidosis and controls. (b) H3N2b in human urine, plasma, and CSF samples. Data are presented as median ± interquartile peak area on log scale. Mann–Whitney U-test was used to compare GM1 gangliosidosis and controls. (c) H3N2b in cat CNS samples. In normal cats, H3N2b was undetectable. Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation. Comparison of normal and untreated GM1 gangliosidosis was performed with Wilcoxon rank sum test. ∗: p < 0.05; ∗∗: p < 0.01; ∗∗∗: p < 0.001; ∗∗∗∗: p < 0.0001.