Skip to main content
. 2023 Jun 6;32(6):657–669. doi: 10.1089/jwh.2022.0406

Table 1.

Demographic and Contraceptive Care-Related Characteristics Among Women Aged 18–44 Years in Arizona, New Jersey, and Wisconsin, 2019–2020

  Arizona
New Jersey
Wisconsin
Pooled sample across states
N = 885
N = 952
N = 967
N = 2804
Weighted % Weighted % Weighted % Weighted %
Total 100 100 100 100
Age, years        
 18–24 31 25 27 27
 25–29 22 22 23 23
 30–34 19 20 17 19
 35–39 15 19 18 17
 40–44 12 14 15 14
Race and ethnicity        
 White non-Hispanic 50 59 83 63
 Black non-Hispanic 3 9 5 6
 Multiracial or other non-Hispanic 6 14 7 9
 Hispanic 40 18 5 22
Sexual orientation        
 Straight 87 89 88 88
 Lesbian, gay, bisexual, queer, pansexual, or other 11 9 11 10
Educational attainment
 HS graduate, GED, or less 16 12 13 14
 Some college or associate degree 51 32 45 42
 College graduate or more 33 56 42 44
Employmenta        
 Employed 73 77 81 77
 Unemployed 3 4 3 3
 Out of the labor market 24 19 16 20
Income as a % of the federal poverty level        
 Below 100% 13 7 12 10
 100%–199% 18 9 16 14
 200% or higher 64 79 68 71
Relationship status        
 Married 42 41 40 41
 Cohabiting 26 17 26 23
 Never married, not cohabiting 28 39 31 33
 Formerly married, not cohabiting 4 3 2 3
Health insurance coverageb        
 None 11 6 6 8
 Private 71 79 79 76
 Public 15 10 11 12
Current method usec        
 No contact with provider 26 35 26 29
 Minimal/initiation contact with provider 31 16 28 25
 Regular contact with provider 42 48 46 46
Past receipt of person-centered contraceptive cared        
 No care 39 39 42 40
 Less than excellent care 31 28 23 28
 Excellent care 30 32 35 32
Mistrust in the contraceptive care health systeme        
 No 62 65 62 63
 Yes 38 35 37 36

State samples include respondents who reported using contraception in the 3 months before the survey and who indicated at least one preference for a source of contraception; samples are weighted to reflect women aged 18–44 years within each state. Some characteristics do not sum to 100% due to nonresponse.

a

Respondents who were out of work for less than a year or more were considered to be unemployed and those who were retired or a full-time student or homemaker were considered to be out of the labor market.

b

Private insurance includes employer-based plans and plans purchased on the marketplace or exchange. Public insurance options include Medicaid, Medicare, Tricare, Indian Health Service, and State Family Planning Program.

c

No contact with provider methods include withdrawal, internal and external condoms, other barrier methods, fertility awareness-based methods, emergency contraceptives and spermicides, and vasectomy. Minimal/initiation contact with provider methods include the implant, IUD, and tubal ligation. Regular contact with provider methods include the pill, patch, ring, and Depo-Provera®.

d

Respondents were considered to have received person-centered care if they reported having received a contraceptive-related care visit in the prior 12 months, and they rated this care as excellent on each of the following four domains: respecting the respondent as a person, letting the respondent say what mattered to them about birth control, taking the respondent's preferences about their birth control seriously, and giving the respondent enough information to make the best decision about their birth control; respondents who had not received contraceptive care in the past 12 months were categorized as having received no care.

e

Respondents were considered to have mistrust in the contraceptive health care system if they reported either disagree or strongly disagree on “the government makes certain that birth control methods are safe before they come onto the market,” or agree or strongly agree on either “the government and public health institutions use poor people and people of color as guinea pigs to try out new birth control methods,” “the government is trying to limit populations of color by encouraging their use of birth control,” or “drug companies don't care if birth control is safe, they just want people to use it so they can make money.”

IUD, intrauterine device.