Fig. 4 |. Decreased SM BCAA oxidation does not affect insulin sensitivity in mice fed normal chow.

a, Western blotting of tissues collected from n = 3 Dbt^loxP/loxP and n = 3 Dbt^loxP/loxP-HSA-CreER mice (14-3-3 is the loading control). b, H&E staining of quadricep muscle. Representative images from n = 4 Dbt^loxP/loxP and n = 4 Dbt^loxP/loxP-HSA-CreER mice. c, Plasma BCAA concentration in mice fasted for 5 h (n = 10 Dbt^loxP/loxP and n = 8 Dbt^loxP/loxP-HSA-CreER) or refed for 2 h after overnight fasting (n = 11 Dbt^loxP/loxP and n = 9 Dbt^loxP/loxP-HSA-CreER). d–i, Plasma BCAA levels (d,f,h) and accompanying AUCs (e,g,i). j–m, Plasma BCKA levels (j,l) and accompanying AUCs (k,m) taken at various time points after BCAA gavage after a 5-h fast; n = 4 Dbt^loxP/loxP and n = 4 Dbt^loxP/loxP-HSA-CreER. n, Blood glucose. o, GIR. p, Steady-state GIR during HIEC; n = 8 Dbt^loxP/loxP and n = 5 Dbt^loxP/loxP-HSA-CreER. q, Insulin concentration before and during HIEC; n = 8 Dbt^loxP/loxP and n = 5 Dbt^loxP/loxP-HSA-CreER. The mice used in these experiments were male, 10–19-weeks old and were fed normal chow. Data are presented as the mean ± s.e.m. When two groups were compared, a two-tailed Student’s t-test was used, with significance defined as *P < 0.05 and **P < 0.01. In the experiments with multiple comparisons at different time points, a repeated measures, two-way ANOVA was used with significance defined as *P < 0.05 and ***P < 0.001. c, Valine refed P = 0.038708. j, 60 min P = 0.0226. k, P = 0.006699. l, 60 min P < 0.0001. m, P = 0.010268.