Table 1.
Study cohort characteristics
| Characteristics | UPJO (n=321) | UVJO (n=178) | COU-NOS (n=234) | Overall COU Cohort (n=733) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sex | ||||
| Female | 117 (36.4) | 51 (28.7) | 63 (26.9) | 231 (31.5) |
| Male | 204 (63.6) | 127 (71.3) | 171 (73.1) | 502 (68.5) |
| Laterality | ||||
| Bilateral | 31 (9.7) | 35 (19.7) | 64 (27.4) | 130 (17.7) |
| Left | 164 (51.1) | 95 (53.4) | 95 (40.6) | 354 (48.3) |
| Right | 94 (29.3) | 33 (18.5) | 62 (26.5) | 189 (25.8) |
| Unknown | 32 (10) | 15 (8.4) | 13 (5.6) | 60 (8.2) |
| Genetically determined ancestry | ||||
| European participants | 264 (82.2) | 148 (83.1) | 187 (79.9) | 599 (81.7) |
| Admixed participants | 40 (12.5) | 22 (12.4) | 27 (11.5) | 89 (12.1) |
| Hispanic participants | 6 (1.9) | 5 (2.8) | 12 (5.1) | 23 (3.1) |
| South Asian participants | 5 (1.6) | 2 (1.1) | 2 (0.9) | 9 (1.2) |
| African participants | 3 (0.9) | 1 (0.6) | 4 (1.7) | 8 (1.1) |
| East Asian participants | 3 (0.9) | 0 | 2 (0.9) | 5 (0.7) |
| Additional renal phenotype | ||||
| Bladder defect | 2 (0.6) | 3 (1.7) | 5 (2.1) | 10 (1.4) |
| DCS | 8 (2.5) | 5 (2.8) | 2 (0.9) | 15 (2) |
| Ectopia | 5 (1.6) | 4 (2.2) | 4 (1.7) | 13 (1.8) |
| Glomerular | 3 (0.9) | 0 | 2 (0.9) | 5 (0.7) |
| KHD | 19 (5.9) | 5 (2.8) | 7 (3) | 31 (4.2) |
| Nephronopthisis | 1 (0.3) | 0 | 0 | 1 (0.1) |
| Reflux nephropathy | 14 (4.4) | 23 (12.9) | 10 (4.3) | 47 (6.4) |
| Tubular defect | 0 | 0 | 1 (0.4) | 1 (0.1) |
| Nonurinary defect | ||||
| Neural | 8 (2.5) | 5 (2.8) | 1 (0.4) | 14 (1.9) |
| Craniofacial | 8 (2.5) | 7 (3.9) | 4 (1.7) | 19 (2.6) |
| Cardiac | 5 (1.6) | 5 (2.8) | 9 (3.8) | 19 (2.6) |
| Musculoskeletal | 6 (1.9) | 8 (4.5) | 4 (1.7) | 18 (2.5) |
| Gastrointestinal | 6 (1.9) | 5 (2.8) | 1 (0.4) | 12 (1.6) |
| Genital | 12 (3.7) | 5 (2.8) | 10 (4.3) | 27 (3.7) |
| General developmental delay | 6 (1.9) | 8 (4.5) | 4 (1.7) | 18 (2.5) |
| Other syndromesa | 0,00 | 0,00 | 2 (0.9) | 2 (0.3) |
| Family history of kidney disease | 47 (14.6) | 35 (19.7) | 82 (35) | 164 (22.4) |
Presented as n (%). UPJO, ureteropelvic junction obstruction; UVJO, ureterovesical junction obstruction; COU-NOS, congenital obstructive uropathy—not otherwise specified; COU, congenital obstructive uropathy; DCS, duplex collecting system; KHD, kidney hypodysplasia.
a
Other syndromes include Currarino syndrome and Beckwith–Wiedemann.