Table 4:

Estimated association (adjusted coefficient and stand error) between ownership of a pet over five years vs. no pets (exposure) and composite cognitive score (outcome) for the total study population, stratified by demographic variables, from the linear mixed model with a random intercept for each individual and a random slope for each pet ownership group

Stratification variable	Adjusted coefficient (stand error)	P-value
By age
Age<65	−0.41 (0.3)	0.16
Age≥65	0.76 (0.3)	0.03
By race
White	0.001 (0.2)	0.99
Black	0.79 (0.7)	0.29
Hispanic	0.43 (1.3)	0.73
Other	0.50 (0.8)	0.54
Marital status
Marry/Cohabitate	−0.11 (0.3)	0.67
Unmarried	0.24 (0.4)	0.58
By education
Below college	0.12 (0.3)	0.68
College	−0.22 (0.5)	0.63
Above college	0.18 (0.6)	0.76
Gender
Men	0.20 (0.3)	0.65
Women	−0.12 (0.3)	0.69
Family income
<15,900	0.002 (0.2)	0.92
≥15,900	−0.08 (0.6)	0.92

^*Adjusted for age, gender, education level, marry, race/ethnicity, family income, survey year, depression, except for the stratification variable

^*Accounted for strata and 2010 survey weights (household-level and respondent-level weights)