Table 3.

Associations of CDAI with CVD mortality in various subgroups among adults with diabetes in NHANES 1999–2018

Characteristic	Hazard ratio (95% CIs) by quartile				Pinteraction
	Quartile 1 (< − 2.1985)	Quartile 2 (− 2.1985 ~ − 0.2180)	Quartile 3 (− 0.2180 ~ 2.2130)	Quartile 4 (> 2.2130)
Age, years					0.56
< 60 (2846)	1	0.82 (0.45–1.5)	0.72 (0.37–1.4)	0.44 (0.22–0.86)
≥ 60 (4705)	1	0.85 (0.66–1.1)	0.59 (0.45–0.78)	0.51 (0.38–0.68)
Sex					0.775
Female (3740)	1	0.92 (0.66–1.27)	0.73 (0.5–1.05)	0.45 (0.27–0.74)
Male (3811)	1	0.88 (0.61–1.28)	0.58 (0.39–0.84)	0.42 (0.29–0.6)
Race and ethnicity					0.224
Non-Hispanic White (2884)	1	0.79 (0.58–1.08)	0.54 (0.39–0.76)	0.39 (0.28–0.54)
Other Hispanic (4667)	1	1.01 (0.7–1.45)	0.89 (0.6–1.31)	0.57 (0.36–0.92)
BMI, kg/m2					0.513
< 30 (990)	1	1.1 (0.57–2.12)	0.72 (0.39–1.36)	0.74 (0.4–1.38)
≥ 30.0 (4166)	1	1.19 (0.83–1.71)	0.9 (0.61–1.33)	0.47 (0.3–0.72)
Drinking status					0.606
Drinker (2153)	1	0.92 (0.66–1.27)	0.73 (0.5–1.05)	0.45 (0.27–0.74)
Nondrinker (3740)	1	1.3 (0.43–3.97)	0.58 (0.15–2.22)	0.24 (0.05–1.13)
Physical activity					0.846
Active (3249)	1	1.01 (0.74–1.06)	0.83 (0.67–1.01)	0.71 (0.54–0.91)
Inactive (286)	1	0.94 (0.53–1.67)	0.74 (0.41–1.33)	0.74 (0.41–1.34)
Smoking status					0.395
Former/never smoker	1	0.94 (0.51–1.73)	0.67 (0.33–1.38)	0.53 (0.27–1.02)
Current smoker	1	0.88 (0.51–1.54)	0.65 (0.38–1.1)	0.43 (0.26–0.72)
Self-reported hypertension					0.107
No (2620)	1	1.16 (0.72–1.87)	1.15 (0.7–1.87)	0.67 (0.39–1.14)
Yes (4908)	1	0.79 (0.6–1.05)	0.54 (0.39–0.73)	0.43 (0.31–0.59)
HbA1c, %					0.365
< 7.0 (4167)	1	0.99 (0.71–1.39)	0.88 (0.62–1.24)	0.53 (0.36–0.76)
≥ 7.0 (3148)	1	0.92 (0.63–1.33)	0.51 (0.34–0.79)	0.48 (0.32–0.74)
Diabetes duration, years					0.389
< 10 (2014)	1	1.33 (0.69–2.56)	0.98 (0.47–2.01)	0.62 (0.32–1.23)
≥ 10.0 (1996)	1	1.4 (0.8–2.45)	0.77 (0.43–1.36)	0.59 (0.32–1.1)