Fig. 3.

PD-1/PD-L1 ICB therapy promotes T_FH cell responses to COVID-19 vaccination in the context of tumor burden. A. Flow cytometry analysis of CD4⁺FoxP3^- T cells in vaccine-dLNs. The numbers adjacent to the outlined areas indicate the percentages of CXCR5⁺CD44^hi T_FH cells. B, C. Frequency (B) and number (C) of T_FH cells in vaccine-dLNs. D. Flow cytometry analysis of CXCR5⁺CD44^hi T_FH cells in vaccine-dLNs. The numbers adjacent to the outlined areas indicate the percentages of PD-1^hi T_FH cells. E-G. Frequency (E), PD-1 protein level (F) and number (G) of PD-1^hi T_FH cells in vaccine-dLNs. H. Flow cytometry analysis of CD4⁺FoxP3⁺ T cells in vaccine-dLNs. The numbers adjacent to the outlined areas indicate the percentages of CXCR5⁺ T_FR cells. I, J. Frequency (I) and number (J) of T_FR cells in vaccine-dLNs. K. Frequency of PD-1^hi T_FR cells. L. PD-1 protein level of PD-1^hi T_FR cells. M. T_FH cell to T_FR cell ratio in vaccine-dLNs. N. PD-1^hi T_FH cell to PD-1^hi T_FR cell ratio in vaccine-dLNs. MFI, mean fluorescence intensity. ns, not significant. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001 and ****P < 0.0001. The data are representative of two independent experiments with five mice per group. Error bars (B, C, E-G, I-N) indicate s.e.m..