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Polymicrobial biofilm development model in bacterial vaginosis. The first colonizer adheres to the vaginal epithelium, causes the displacement of Lactobacillus species, and starts the formation of biofilm. Following colonizers join the formed biofilm and increase its biomass. When the biofilm is mature, epithelial vaginal cells, covered in bacteria forming biofilm, are detached (clue cells). Figure created with BioRender.com.
