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. 2023 Jun 18;12(1):2226535. doi: 10.1080/2162402X.2023.2226535

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© 2023 The Author(s). Published with license by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. The terms on which this article has been published allow the posting of the Accepted Manuscript in a repository by the author(s) or with their consent.

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Figure 2. — Comprehensive overview of clinical trials of PDT for cancer treatment. a) List and percentage of each photosensitizer used in clinical research, including ALA and its derivatives, based on Tables 1 and 2; b) Ranking of countries where the clinical trials are being conducted, based on Tables 1 and 2; c) Route of administration of photosensitizers in clinical trials, based on Table 2; d) Route of administration of ALA and its derivatives in clinical trials, based on Table 3; e) Heatmap showing the distribution of the photosensitizers, including ALA and its derivatives, in clinical trials across different types of cancer (Tables 2 and 3).