Table 2.
Clinical trials involving PDT for cancer that have started between March of 2013 and March of 2023.
| Photosensitizer | DLI | Cancer | Phase | Status | Country | Observations | Reference | Study start |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Porfimer sodium | 24–48 h | Malignant mesothelioma; Non-small cell lung carcinoma with pleural disorder |
I | Recruiting | USA | Intraoperative PDT; PS IV administ. | NCT03678350 | September 2021 |
| 48–50 h | Non-small cell lung cancer; Lung metastasis |
Early I | Unknown | Taiwan | Combination with Fotolon® ethiodized oil to enhance light deliver; PS IV administ. | NCT04753918 | March 2021 | |
| 2–4 h | Locally advanced lung carcinoma; Non-small cell lung carcinoma; Small cell lung carcinoma; Lung Cancer AJCC v8 (Stage III/IIIA/IIIB/IIIC) | I/II | Recruiting | USA | Ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle-delivered interstitial PDT; PS IV administ. |
NCT03735095 | February 2020 | |
| N/A | Non-small cell lung cancer | N/A | Terminated | USA | Combination with Argon plasma Coagulation; PS IV administ.; Slow accrual | NCT03564054 | October 2018 | |
| 48 h | Lung cancer and metastasis | I | Completed | USA | Prior to surgical resection; PS IV administ | NCT03344861 | August 2017 | |
| 48 h | Non-small cell lung cancer; Lung Metastasis |
I | Completed | USA, Canada | Interstitial PDT with electro navigational bronchoscopy; PS IV administ. | NCT02916745 | January 2017 | |
| 24 h | Malignant pleural mesothelioma | II | Completed | France | Intra-pleural PDT; Combination with chemotherapy and surgery; PS IV administ. | NCT02662504 | January 2016 | |
| Porfimer sodium | 24–48 h and 48 - 72h | Esophageal adenocarcinoma (Stage I, II, III); Esophageal cell carcinoma (Stage I, II, III) | III | Unknown | China | Endoscopic PDT, PS IV administ. | NCT02628665 | October 2015 |
| 24 h | Recurrent high-grade gliomas | II | Terminated | USA | PS IV administ.; insufficient enrolment | NCT01966809 | June 2015 | |
| 48 h | Hilar cholangiocarcinoma | III | Terminated | USA | A 2nd illumination cycle was planned after 96–120 h if 1st illumination did not cover the entire tumor; PS IV administ; low accrual | NCT02082522 | November 2014 | |
| 24 h | Epithelioid malignant pleural mesothelioma | II | Recruiting | USA | Radical pleurectomy with intra-operative PDT and post-operative chemotherapy; PS IV administ. | NCT02153229 | May 2014 | |
| 48 h | Head and neck | II | Terminated | USA | Image-guided interstitial PDT in combination with chemotherapy; PS IV administ.; study no longer has an active IDE |
NCT02068157 | April 2014 | |
| 48 h | Advanced rectal cancer | II/III | Suspended | China | PDT through colonoscopy vs chemotherapy; PS IV administ.; modifying the clinical trials | NCT01872104 | August 2013 | |
| 48 h | Cholangiocarcinoma | N/A | Suspended | China | PDT through T-tube vs biliary drainage; PS IV administ.; modifying the clinical trials | NCT01859169 | June 2013 | |
| Porfimer sodium | 1, 3, 8, and 21 days | Acinar cell adenocarcinoma of the pancreas; Duct cell adenocarcinoma of the pancreas; Pancreatic Cancer (Stage III) | I | Completed | USA | Combination endoscopic ultrasonography-guided PDT with gemcitabine hydrochloride; PS IV administ. | NCT01770132 | April 2013 |
| 24 h | Recurrent pediatric brain tumor | I | Completed | USA | PS IV administ. | NCT01682746 | March 2013 | |
| Hematoporphyrin | 48–72 h | Cholangiocarcinoma | N/A | Not yet recruiting | China | Combination with sonodynamic therapy; PS IV administ. | NCT05580328 | December 2022 |
| 48 h | Esophageal carcinoma in Situ AJCC V7 | N/A | Not yet recruiting | China | PDT vs Endoscopic submucosal dissection; PS IV administ. | NCT05208775 | March 2022 | |
| 24 h | Cholangiocarcinoma non-resectable | N/A | Recruiting | China | PS IV administ. | NCT04860154 | April 2021 | |
| Polyhematoporphyrin | N/A | Hilar cholangiocarcinoma | N/A | Completed | Austria | N/A | NCT02504957 | July 2015 |
| Verteporfin | N/A | Recurrent prostate cancer | I/II | Recruiting | USA, Canada, UK | Interstitial PDT using SpectraCure P18 System for illumination; PS IV administ. | NCT03067051 | March 2017 |
| 1 h | Advanced pancreatic carcinoma; Locally advanced pancreatic carcinoma; Metastatic pancreatic carcinoma; Pancreatic neoplasm; Pancreatic carcinoma; Pancreatic cancer AJCC v8 unresectable (Stage II, IIA, IIB, III, IV) |
II | Recruiting | USA | Endoscopic-ultrasound guided PDT; PS IV administ. | NCT03033225 | December 2016 | |
| N/A | Metastatic breast cancer | II | Unknown | USA | Continuous low-irradiance PDT | NCT02939274 | October 2016 | |
| Deuteporfin | 6 h and 9 h | Cholangiocarcinoma | II | Terminated | China | Business decision | NCT02955771 | May 2017 |
| Temoporfin | 72 h | Cholangiocarcinoma | II | Recruiting | China | PS IV administ. | NCT03003065 | March 2014 |
| N/A | Recurrent non-small cell lung carcinoma (Stage IIA, IIB, IIIA, IIIB) |
I | Completed | USA | PS IV administ. | NCT01854684 | February 2014 | |
| Chlorin e6 | 3 h | Advanced hilar cholangiocarcinoma | II | Unknown | South Korea | PS IV administ. | NCT02725073 | January 2016 |
| HPPH | 24h | Head and neck | II | Terminated | USA | Low accrual; PS IV administ. | NCT03090412 | May 2018 |
| 48 h | Esophageal cancer | I | Unknown | China | PS IV administ. | NCT03757754 | June 2015 | |
| LUZ11 | 15 min | Head and neck cancer | I/II | Recruiting | Portugal | PS IV administ. | NCT02070432 | February 2014 |
| Padeliporfin | Immediate after IV infusion | Transitional cell cancer of renal pelvis and ureter |
III | Recruiting | USA, Austria, France, Israel | Ureteroscope for optical fiber placement; PS IV administ. | NCT04620239 | March 2021 |
| Immediate after IV infusion | Low risk prostate cancer | IV | Terminated | France | Interstitial PDT; PS IV administ.; low accrual | NCT03849365 | January 2019 | |
| Immediate after IV infusion | Upper tract urothelial carcinoma | I | Active, not recruiting | USA | Endoscopic-PDT; PS IV administ. | NCT03617003 | August 2018 | |
| Immediate after IV infusion | Intermediate risk prostate cancer | II | Active, not recruiting | USA | Interstitial PDT; PS IV administ. | NCT03315754 | October 2017 | |
| Immediate after IV infusion | Esophagogastric cancer with moderate to severe dysphagia | I | Completed | USA, Israel | Endoscopic-PDT; PS IV administ. | NCT03133650 | April 2017 | |
| Immediate after IV infusion | Renal cancer | I/II | Terminated | UK | PDT with CT imaging guidance; PS IV administ.; Concerns about post-VTP MRI results being conclusive | NCT01573156 | May 2013 | |
| Immediate after IV infusion | Localized prostate cancer | III | Completed | Mexico, Panama, Peru | Interstitial PDT, PS IV administ. | NCT01875393 | March 2013 | |
| Photobac | 24h | Glioblastoma multiforme of brain glioma, sarcomatous |
I | Not yet recruiting | USA | Combination with surgery; PS IV administ. | NCT05363826 | November 2022 |
| Silicon phthalocyanine 4 | N/A | Recurrent cutaneous T-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma; Recurrent mycosis fungoides/sezary syndrome; Cutaneous T-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (Stage I/IIA); Mycosis fungoides/sezary syndrome (Stage IA/IIA/IB) | I | Completed | USA | PS topical administ. | NCT01800838 | April 2013 |
| TLD-1433 | 1 h * | Non-muscle invasive bladder cancer refractory to BCG |
II | Recruiting | USA, Canada | Intravesical PDT; PS infusion into the bladder for 1 h | NCT03945162 | August 2019 |
| 1 h * | Non-muscle invasive bladder cancer refractory to BCG |
I | Completed | Canada | Intravesical PDT; PS infusion into the bladder for 1 h | NCT03053635 | December 2016 | |
| Hypericin | 18–24 h* | Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma; Mycosis fungoides | II | Completed | USA | Topical PS administ. | NCT05380635 | May 2022 |
| 2–4 h | Peritoneal carcinomatosis | III | Unknown | Germany | Oral PS administ. | NCT02840331 | July 2017 |