Fig 8. ASHLE slope values as a function of γ and initial frequency in the absence of a stimulus.

(A) The effect of the γ parameter on the slope values between consecutive period lengths when ASHLE oscillates without a pacing stimulus, starting at a frequency that has a period 45% shorter ($f_s\left(0\right)=f_m\left(0\right)=\frac{1000\text{ms}}{0.55\times 400\text{ms}}$), 30% shorter ($f_s\left(0\right)=f_m\left(0\right)=\frac{1000\text{ms}}{0.70\times 400\text{ms}}$), 15% shorter ($f_s\left(0\right)=f_m\left(0\right)=\frac{1000\text{ms}}{0.85\times 400\text{ms}}$), 15% longer ($f_s\left(0\right)=f_m\left(0\right)=\frac{1000\text{ms}}{1.15\times 400\text{ms}}$), 30% longer ($f_s\left(0\right)=f_m\left(0\right)=\frac{1000\text{ms}}{1.30\times 400\text{ms}}$), and 45% longer ($f_s\left(0\right)=f_m\left(0\right)=\frac{1000\text{ms}}{1.45\times 400\text{ms}}$) than ASHLE’s f₀ period. (B) the same simulations but with an alternative single-oscillator model, showing a one-order-of-magnitude increase in the slope values.