Table 2.
Recipient Characteristics by era (RCM/HCM Transplants: January 1992-June 2018)
| January 1992-December 2000 (n = 760) | January 2001-December 2009 (n = 1417) | January 2010-June 2018 (n = 2129) | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Geographic Location | <0.0001 | |||
| – Europe | 47.8% | 49.5% | 41.4% | |
| – North America | 46.7% | 46.1% | 52.0% | |
| – Other | 5.5% | 4.4% | 6.6% | |
| Age (years) (continuous) | 47.0 (22.0–63.0) | 49.0 (22.0–65.0) | 52.0 (23.0–68.0) | <0.0001 |
| Female | 38.7% | 44.7% | 42.2% | 0.0233 |
| Weight (kg) | 69.1 (48.4–96.0) | 72.0 (49.9–100.0) | 75.0 (51.3–105.9) | <0.0001 |
| Height (cm) | 170.0 (152.4–185.0) | 170.2 (154.0–186.0) | 170.2 (154.0–188.0) | 0.036 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 23.7 (17.9–31.8) | 24.7 (18.7–32.8) | 25.5 (19.1–34.2) | <0.0001 |
| ABO blood type | 0.0881 | |||
| – A | 46.8% | 42.6% | 41.0% | |
| – AB | 4.0% | 5.0% | 4.4% | |
| – B | 11.0% | 13.8% | 14.0% | |
| – O | 38.2% | 38.5% | 40.6% | |
| PRA ≥ 20% | 3.5% | 7.6% | 19.1% | <0.0001 |
| PRA ≥ 80% | 0.6% | 1.5% | 3.6% | 0.0017 |
| CMV antibody positive | 57.5% | 53.9% | 54.4% | 0.5138 |
| History of malignancy | 5.0%a | 6.5% | 11.5% | <0.0001 |
| History of smoking | - | 31.2%b | 33.3% | 0.4412 |
| Pre-transplant dialysis | 0.8%a | 2.4% | 3.0% | 0.1206 |
| Prior cardiac surgery | 22.0%a | 25.7% | 27.5% | 0.1348 |
| Hospitalized | 59.2% | 47.7% | 54.9% | 0.0005 |
| Inotrope use | 43.6% | 43.9% | 44.5% | 0.9403 |
| ECMO use | 0% | 0.4% | 0.9% | 0.1422 |
| IABP use | 2.2% | 2.8% | 6.9% | <0.0001 |
| Ventilator use | 2.2% | 1.6% | 0.9% | 0.1609 |
| MCS use | <0.0001 | |||
| – BIVAD | - | 2.0% | 1.3% | |
| – TAH | - | 0.7% | 2.2% | |
| – VAD | - | 6.7% | 14.5% | |
| – None | - | 90.6% | 82.1% | |
| Bilirubin (mg/dl) | 0.9 (0.3–2.7)a | 0.9 (0.3–2.9) | 0.8 (0.3–2.4) | <0.0001 |
| Creatinine (mg/dl) | 1.2 (0.7–2.2)a | 1.1 (0.7–2.2) | 1.2 (0.7–2.0) | 0.1459 |
| GFR (mL/min/1.73m2)c | 69.3 (34.6–142.8)a | 71.7 (37.4–139.4) | 74.7 (39.5–142.6) | 0.0202 |
| PCW mean (mmHg) | 20.0 (8.0–32.0)a | 20.0 (8.0–30.0) | 18.0 (7.0–30.0) | 0.0008 |
| PA mean (mmHg) | 30.0 (16.0–50.0)a | 28.0 (15.0–45.0) | 27.0 (14.0–43.0) | <0.0001 |
| PVR (woods unit) | 2.5 (0.7–6.5)a | 2.3 (0.8–5.8) | 2.2 (0.6–5.1) | 0.0212 |
Continuous factors are expressed as median (5th–95th percentiles).
Summary statistics included transplants with known/non-missing data.
BMI, body mass index; BIVAD, biventricular assist device; CMV, cytomegalovirus; ECMO, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation; GFR, Glomerular Filtration Rate; IABP, intra-aortic balloon pump; MCS, mechanical circulatory support; PCW, pulmonary capillary wedge; PA, pulmonary artery pressure; PVR, pulmonary vascular resistance; PRA, panel reactive antibody; TAH, total artificial heart; VAD, ventricular assist device.
Based on April 1994-December 2000 transplants.
Based on July 2004-December 2009 transplants.
GFR was estimated using the Cockcroft-Gault formula.