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. 2023 Jun 20;13:9964. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-36844-4

Figure 3.

Figure 3

CHI3L1 induces autophagic flux in human lung cancer cells. (A) A549 and H460 cells were transfected with either Myc-vector or Myc-CHI3L1 for 24 h with or without HCQ (25 μM) for 6 h. The cells were fixed, permeabilized and then stained with LC3 antibody. Using fluorescent microscopy, LC3 puncta formation was detected. The number of LC3 puncta per cell was calculated. The data was the average of three independent experiment and error bars were mean ± SD. ***, p < 0.001. Scale bar, 10 μm. (B) The expression of LC3 and p62 levels were evaluated by Western blotting. (C) Transfected cells were stained with CYTO-ID for 1 h at 37 °C in the dark. Cell nucleus was stained with Hoechst 33,342 (blue). The data was the average of three independent experiment and error bars were mean ± SD. ***, p < 0.001. Scale bar, 10 μm.