Table 2.
Location-level performance of the algorithm, three junior radiology residents, a senior radiologist, two emergency residents, and two neurosurgery residents presented as accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity. Abbreviations: ICH, intracranial hemorrhage; IPH, intraparenchymal hemorrhage; EDH, epidural hemorrhage; SDH, subdural hemorrhage.
| Hemorrhage | Interpreters | Accuracy | Sensitivity | Specificity |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ICH | Model | 0.89 | 0.82 | 0.90 |
| Junior radiology resident 1 | 0.96 | 0.78 | 0.98 | |
| Junior radiology resident 2 | 0.96 | 0.70 | 0.99 | |
| Junior radiology resident 3 | 0.96 | 0.71 | 0.99 | |
| Senior radiology resident | 0.96 | 0.78 | 0.98 | |
| Radiology residents | 0.96 ± < 0.01 | 0.74 ± 0.04 | 0.99 ± 0.01 | |
| Senior EM resident 1 | 0.95 | 0.70 | 0.98 | |
| Senior EM resident 2 | 0.94 | 0.56 | 0.99 | |
| Senior NS resident 1 | 0.94 | 0.52 | 0.99 | |
| Senior NS resident 2 | 0.95 | 0.64 | 0.99 | |
| Non-radiology residents | 0.94 ± 0.01 | 0.61 ± 0.08 | 0.99 ± < 0.01 | |
| IPH | Model | 0.93 | 0.83 | 0.94 |
| Junior radiology resident 1 | 0.97 | 0.78 | 0.99 | |
| Junior radiology resident 2 | 0.98 | 0.79 | 0.99 | |
| Junior radiology resident 3 | 0.98 | 0.77 | 0.99 | |
| Senior radiology resident | 0.98 | 0.85 | 0.99 | |
| Radiology residents | 0.98 ± < 0.01 | 0.80 ± 0.04 | 0.99 ± < 0.01 | |
| Senior EM resident 1 | 0.96 | 0.79 | 0.97 | |
| Senior EM resident 2 | 0.97 | 0.65 | 0.99 | |
| Senior NS resident 1 | 0.97 | 0.73 | 0.98 | |
| Senior NS resident 2 | 0.97 | 0.68 | 0.99 | |
| Non-Radiology residents | 0.96 ± < 0.01 | 0.71 ± 0.06 | 0.98 ± 0.01 | |
| EDH | Model | 0.91 | 0.72 | 0.93 |
| Junior radiology resident 1 | 0.97 | 0.74 | 0.99 | |
| Junior radiology resident 2 | 0.97 | 0.61 | 1.00 | |
| Junior radiology resident 3 | 0.98 | 0.76 | 0.99 | |
| Senior radiology resident | 0.97 | 0.71 | 0.99 | |
| Radiology residents | 0.97 ± < 0.01 | 0.71 ± 0.07 | 0.99 ± < 0.01 | |
| Senior EM resident 1 | 0.97 | 0.71 | 0.99 | |
| Senior EM resident 2 | 0.96 | 0.55 | 0.99 | |
| Senior NS resident 1 | 0.96 | 0.52 | 0.99 | |
| Senior NS resident 2 | 0.97 | 0.74 | 0.99 | |
| Non-Radiology residents | 0.97 ± 0.01 | 0.63 ± 0.11 | 0.99 ± < 0.01 | |
| SDH | Model | 0.82 | 0.85 | 0.82 |
| Junior radiology resident 1 | 0.93 | 0.79 | 0.96 | |
| Junior radiology resident 2 | 0.93 | 0.69 | 0.99 | |
| Junior radiology resident 3 | 0.92 | 0.67 | 0.99 | |
| Senior radiology resident | 0.92 | 0.76 | 0.96 | |
| Radiology residents | 0.93 ± < 0.01 | 0.73 ± 0.06 | 0.97 ± 0.01 | |
| Senior EM resident 1 | 0.91 | 0.66 | 0.98 | |
| Senior EM resident 2 | 0.89 | 0.51 | 0.98 | |
| Senior NS resident 1 | 0.88 | 0.42 | 0.99 | |
| Senior NS resident 2 | 0.91 | 0.59 | 0.99 | |
| Non-Radiology residents | 0.90 ± 0.02 | 0.54 ± 0.11 | 0.98 ± 0.01 |