Table 5.
Multivariate-adjusted odds ratios and 95 % confidence intervals for prevalence of metabolic syndrome according to serum 25(OH)D concentration among Korean adolescents (n 1504) aged 12–18 years, KNHANES 2008–2009
| Serum 25(OH)D concentration (nmol/l) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ≤50 | >50 | ||||
| OR | 95 % CI | OR | 95 % CI | P value | |
| Prevalence, n ( %) | 54 | 4·6 | 10 | 2·2 | 0·029§ |
| Unadjusted | 2·16 | 1·04, 4·46 | 1·00 | Ref. | 0·038∥ |
| Model 1* | 2·04 | 1·00, 4·15 | 1·00 | Ref. | 0·049¶ |
| Model 2† | 2·10 | 1·02, 4·30 | 1·00 | Ref. | 0·043¶ |
| Model 3‡ | 2·04 | 0·99, 4·18 | 1·00 | Ref. | 0·053¶ |
25(OH)D, 25-hydroxyvitamin D; KNHANES, Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey; Ref., referent category.
*Adjusted for age and gender.
†Adjusted for variables in Model 1 plus regular physical exercise and alcohol drinking.
‡Adjusted for variables in Model 2 plus use of multivitamin or mineral supplements.
§P value was obtained by the χ 2 test.
∥P value was obtained by unadjusted logistic regression analysis.
¶P values were obtained by multivariate-adjusted logistic regression analyses.