Table 1.

Correlation analysis between disease prevalence estimates, per capita GDP, urbanization rates and percentage of energy available for consumption

	Prevalence (%)
	Overweight	Obesity	Hypertension		Urbanization (%)	Inactivity (%)
Percentage of energy availability for consumption	(BMI = 25·0–29·9 kg/m2)	(BMI ≥ 30·0 kg/m2)	(SBP ≥ 140 mmHg and/or DBP ≥ 90 mmHg)	Per capita GDP ($US)	(percentage of the population living in urban areas)	(percentage of the population inactive)
Number of countries	128	132	79	137	137	98
Cereals – excluding beer	−0·31***	−0·22**	−0·40***	−0·56***	−0·45***	−0·27**
Sugar & sweeteners & honey	0·37***	0·31***	0·31**	0·46***	0·40***	0·17
Sugar, raw equivalent	0·38***	0·32***	0·31**	0·41***	0·34***	0·17
Sweeteners, other	0·35***	0·31***	0·35**	0·56***	0·40***	0·20*
Honey	0·29**	0·16	0·17	0·49***	0·41***	0·14
Vegetable oils	0·18*	0·12	0·15	0·35***	0·40***	0·28**
Fruits – excluding wine	0·25**	0·20*	0·01	0·17*	0·14	0·29**
Starchy roots	−0·19*	−0·10	−0·05	−0·22**	−0·10	−0·17
Pulses	−0·01	0·008	−0·06	−0·39***	−0·32***	0·01
Vegetables, total	0·34***	0·25**	0·34***	0·39***	0·33***	0·21*
Alcoholic beverages	0·09	0·001	0·34***	0·47***	0·26**	0·08
Meat, total	0·32***	0·28***	0·32***	0·60***	0·43***	0·35***
Animal fat	0·34***	0·26**	0·38***	0·60***	0·46***	0·16
Eggs	0·27**	0·09	0·39***	0·62***	0·49***	0·21
Milk	0·37***	0·27**	0·42***	0·58***	0·41***	0·21
Fish & seafood	0·01	0·01	0·12	0·31***	0·16	0·15
Per capita GDP ($US)	0·50***	0·36***	0·43***	–	0·73***	0·34***
Urbanization (%)	0·39***	0·28**	0·32**	–	–	0·33***
Physical inactivity (%)	0·27**	0·34***	0·21	0·34***	0·33***	–
	(n 93)†	(n 94)†	(n 62)†	(n 98)†	(n 98)†

GDP, Gross Domestic Product; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure.

Spearman rank coefficients of correlation are reported. *P<0·05; **P<0·01; ***P<0·001.

†Number of countries included in the analyses of physical inactivity (%).