Table 4.

Determinants of diet quality in Italy

	Macronutrients										Other
	Total energy, log(.)		Total fat (E%)		Saturated fat (E%)		Protein, log(.)		CHO (E%)		Cholesterol, log(.)		F&V portions		RCI
	β	se	β	se	β	se	β	se	β	se	β	se	β	se	β	se
Constant	3·158***	0·009	20·819***	0·366	9·996***	0·211	2·452**’	0·010	59·296***	0·511	2·305***	0·025	2·299***	0·105	0·715*	0·008
Financial resources (ref. Insufficient)
Poor	0·026***	0·007	0·557**	0·257	0·281*	0·148	0·029***	0·007	−0·654*	0·359	0·055***	0·018	0·093	0·074	0·011*	0·006
Adequate	0·032***	0·007	0·824***	0·257	0·441***	0·148	0·036**	0·007	−0·940***	0·358	0·070***	0·018	0·262***	0·074	0·024**	0·006
Very good	0·031*	0·016	1·239**	0·615	0·552	0·354	0·047***	0·016	1·921**	0·857	0·099**	0·042	0·129	0·176	0·015	0·014
Household type (ref. Couple)
Male alone	0·017***	0·004	−0·241	0·165	−0·194**	0·095	0·020***	0·004	0·051	0·230	0·020*	0·011	−0·366**	0·047	−0·025*	0·004
Female alone	−0·060***	0·004	0·338**	0·137	0·250***	0·079	−0·068**	0·004	0·071	0·191	−0·069***	0·009	−0·030	0·039	−0·009*	0·003
Education (ref. Primary)
Secondary	0·011***	0·003	0·339***	0·124	0·140*	0·071	10·013***	0·003	−0·419**	0·172	0·018**	0·009	0·198***	0·035	0·015**	0·003
Tertiary	−0·008	0·006	0·650***	0·240	0·289**	0·138	−0·004	0·006	−0·845**	0·335	−0·030*	0·017	0·462***	0·069	0·029**	0·006
Employment (ref. Retired)
Self-employed	0·006	0·006	0·662***	0·214	0·298**	0·123	0·011*	0·006	−0·890***	0·299	0·018	0·015	−0·002	0·061	−0·000	0·005
Manager	−0·009	0·011	0·784*	0·427	0·432*	0·246	−0·005	0·011	−0·928	0·596	0·012	0·030	−0·371**	0·122	−0·029*	0·010
Employee	−0·017***	0·005	0·665***	0·175	0·344***	0·100	−0·016**	0·005	−0·672***	0·243	−0·023*	0·012	−0·123**	0·050	−0·013*	0·004
Age (ref. 50–54 years)
55–60 years	−0·018***	0·006	−0·392	0·250	−0·089	0·144	−0·011	0·007	0·019	0·349	−0·023	0·017	0·129*	0·072	0·008	0·006
60–65 years	−0·012*	0·007	−0·600**	0·256	−0·124	0·147	−0·003	0·007	0·151	0·357	−0·021	0·018	0·146**	0·073	0·010	0·006
65–70 years	−0·015**	0·007	−0·666**	0·263	0·069	0·151	0·003	0·007	−0·187	0·367	−0·016	0·018	0·122	0·075	0·008	0·006
70–75 years	−0·012*	0·007	−0·981***	0·271	−0·216	0·156	0·002	0·007	0·360	0·379	−0·009	0·019	0·088	0·078	0·007	0·006
75–80 years	−0·014*	0·007	−0·581**	0·279	0·058	0·161	0·000	0·007	−0·097	0·389	−0·014	0·019	0·011	0·080	−0·000	0·006
>80 years	−0·017**	0·007	−0·754***	0·278	0·062	0·160	−0·002	0·007	0·002	0·388	−0·033*	0·019	−0·092	0·080	−0·010	0·006
Region (ref. North-West)
North-East	0·004	0·004	−0·043	0·154	0·031	0·088	0·003	0·004	0·080	0·214	0·002	0·011	0·103**	0·044	0·009**	0·004
Central	0·002	0·004	−1·498***	0·164	−0·886***	0·095	0·001	0·004	1·490***	0·229	−0·009	0·011	0·062	0·047	0·011**	0·004
South	−0·015***	0·004	−1·826***	0·155	−1·034***	0·089	−0·018**	0·004	1·975***	0·216	−0·025**	0·011	−0·311**	0·044	−0·020**	0·004
Islands	−0·007	0·006	−1·748***	0·213	−0·878***	0·123	−0·008	0·006	1·813***	0·297	−0·013	0·015	−0·153**	0·061	−0·008*	0·005
R 2	6·3%		5·0%				4·2%						7·7%								2·5%										1·6%												4·5%														3·9%

E%, percentage of energy; CHO, carbohydrate; F&V, fruits and vegetables; RCI, Recommendation Compliance Index; ref., reference category.

***Statistically significant at 1% level; **statistically significant at 5% level; *statistically significant at 10% level.