Table 2.
Relationship between frequency of family meals and parental encouragement among middle-school students (n 2345) participating in the Central Texas CATCH (Coordinated Approach To Child Health) Middle School Project, spring 2009*
| Mean parental encouragement | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Overall encouragement of healthy eating | Eat fruits and vegetables | Drink water | Eat wholegrain bread | Eat breakfast every morning | Drink low-fat, skimmed or non-fat milk | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Frequency of family meals per week | Mean | se | Mean | se | Mean | se | Mean | se | Mean | se | Mean | se | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ≤2 times (rarely) | 11·5 | 0·22 | 2·6 | 0·05 | 2·8 | 0·05 | 2·1 | 0·06 | 2·5 | 0·05 | 1·5 | 0·07 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 3–6 times (sometimes) | 13·6 | 0·22 | 3·1 | 0·05 | 3·1 | 0·05 | 2·5 | 0·06 | 2·9 | 0·05 | 1·9 | 0·07 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ≥7 times (always) | 14·9 | 0·23 | 3·4 | 0·05 | 3·4 | 0·05 | 2·8 | 0·06 | 3·3 | 0·06 | 2·1 | 0·07 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| P value for trend | <0·0001 | <0·0001 | <0·0001 | <0·0001 | <0·0001 | <0·0001 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| R 2 | 11·5 % | 11·8 % | 6·7 % | 6·5 % | 8·8 % | 4·6 % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
*
Based on mixed-effects regression models adjusting for school as a random effect and student gender, age, socio-economic status and race/ethnicity as covariates.