Table 2.

Factors associated with stunting in urban children (n 557) aged <5 years living in Acrelândia, western Brazilian Amazon, December 2007

	Crude			Adjusted*
Variable	PR	95 % CI	P	PR	95 % CI	P
Wealth concentration
High wealth concentration†	1·00	Ref.	–	1·00	Ref.	–
Low wealth concentration‡	1·60	0·87, 2·87	0·13	1·49	0·80, 2·84	0·22
Maternal schooling (years)
≥5	1·00	Ref.	–	1·00	Ref.	–
>5	0·64	0·34, 1·21	0·18	0·70	0·40, 1·32	0·30
Maternal age at child's birth (years)
<30	1·00	Ref.	–	1·00	Ref.	–
≥30	1·98	0·93, 3·89	0·07	1·65	0·86, 3·20	0·13
Maternal height (m)
≥1·59	1·00	Ref.	–	1·00	Ref.	–
1·55–1·59	1·76	0·66, 4·73	0·33	1·70	0·61, 4·71	0·30
<1·55	3·50	1·44, 8·44	0·00	3·09	1·26, 7·63	0·01
P for trend	0·02			0·01
Birth weight (g)
2500–3500	1·00	Ref.	–	1·00	Ref.	–
≥3500	0·17	0·05, 0·55	0·00	0·18	0·05, 0·58	0·00
<2500	3·63	2·01, 6·57	0·00	2·70	1·41, 5·19	0·00
P for trend	0·44			0·40
Age at cow's milk introduction (months)
≥3	1·00	Ref.	–	1·00	Ref.	–
<3	2·03	1·08, 3·80	0·02	1·44	0·80, 2·60	0·18
Number of siblings
1 child	1·00	Ref.	–	1·00	Ref.	–
≥2 children	1·94	0·81, 4·63	0·13	1·77	0·73, 4·30	0·13
Diarrhoea in past 15d§
No	1·00	Ref.	–	1·00	Ref.	–
Yes, during 1–2d	1·63	0·74, 3·63	0·22	1·16	0·45, 3·02	0·75
Yes, during ≥3d	2·51	1·20, 5·26	0·01	2·21	1·03, 4·77	0·01
P for trend	0·11			0·10
Geohelminth infection
No	1·00	Ref.	–	1·00	Ref.	–
Yes	4·61	1·98, 10·75	0·00	2·53	1·02, 6·31	0·02
IDA
No	1·00	Ref.	–	1·00	Ref.	–
Yes	1·83	0·91, 3·70	0·08	1·70	0·82, 3·73	0·14

PR, prevalence ratio; IDA, iron-deficiency anaemia; Ref. reference category.

*Variables were adjusted for others in the same or higher levels following the hierarchical conceptual framework.

†Combination of wealth index above the median plus number of residents below the median.

‡Combination of wealth index below the median plus number of residents above the median.

§Diarrhoea was defined by three or more liquid stools within 24 h.