Table 2.

Relative risk of type 2 diabetes by quintile of macronutrient intakes among middle-aged Australian women from ALSWH, 2001–2007

	Quintile
	1 (lowest)	2		3		4		5 (highest)
Macronutrient	Reference	RR	95 % CI	RR	95 % CI	RR	95 % CI	RR	95 % CI	P for trend
Total carbohydrate (g/d)	104·38	139·28			166·76					198·65							256·91
No. of cases	55	51			72					70							63
Model 1*	1·00	1·01	0·67, 1·51	1·41	0·96, 2·06	1·35	0·92, 1·98	1·14	0·77, 1·69	0·22
Model 2†	1·00	1·03	0·70, 1·50	1·04	0·71, 1·54	0·85	0·55, 1·30	0·97	0·61, 1·55	0·63
Total protein (g/d)	48·89	64·25			76·43					91·06							119·15
No. of cases	55	56			66					63							71
Model 1*	1·00	1·07	0·72, 1·59	1·13	0·76, 1·67	1·10	0·74, 1·62	1·06	0·72, 1·56	0·77
Model 2†	1·00	0·76	0·52, 1·12	0·92	0·64, 1·34	0·60	0·39, 1·90	0·88	0·61, 1·27	0·32
Total fat (g/d)	33·87	47·47			58·99					71·93							95·51
No. of cases	44	51			65					77							74
Model 1*	1·00	1·31	0·85, 2·02	1·57	1·03, 2·38	1·88	1·26, 2·81	1·53	1·02, 2·30	0·01
Model 2†	1·00	1·21	0·81, 1·82	1·12	0·74, 1·69	1·33	0·88, 2·02	1·27	0·84, 1·91	0·25

ALSWH, Australian Longitudinal Study on Women's Health; RR, relative risk.

*Adjusted for area of residence, education, current smoking status, physical activity, self-rated health as good, menopausal status, BMI and alcohol consumption.

†As model 1 with additional adjustments for total energy intake (kJ/d) and: SFA and MUFA intakes for total carbohydrate; SFA, MUFA and fibre intakes for total protein; and fibre intake for total fat.