Table 3.
Energy balance-related behaviours of Dutch-Turkish (TR-NL) and Turkish-Turkish (TR-TR) adolescents
| Boys | Girls | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| TR-NL (n 211) | TR-TR (n 469) | TR-NL (n 222) | TR-TR (n 446) | TR-NL (n 433) | TR-TR (n 915) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Mean | sd | Mean | sd | Mean | sd | Mean | sd | Mean | sd | Mean | sd | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| TV watching (min/d) | 150·8 | 109·8 | 142·0 | 91·7 | 159·6* | 121·1 | 123·5 | 86·7 | 155·3* | 115·6 | 134·0 | 89·9 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Computer use (min/d) | 109·1* | 89·6 | 315·0 | 148·7 | 89·6* | 94·3 | 359·5 | 164·9 | 99·4* | 92·3 | 334·3 | 157·4 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total screen time (min/d) | 257·6* | 160·0 | 454·9 | 116·0 | 248·5* | 174·6 | 483·0 | 129·6 | 252·9* | 167·3 | 467·1 | 122·8 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total PA† (min/d) | 79·8* | 102·8 | 29·2 | 30·2 | 43·1* | 73·7 | 24·8 | 28·6 | 61·0* | 90·8 | 27·3 | 29·6 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Soft drink consumption (ml/d) | 858·3* | 675·4 | 69·1 | 134·5 | 728·3* | 596·3 | 96·2 | 166·9 | 790·3* | 636·8 | 82·3 | 151·7 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Fruit juice consumption (ml/d) | 458·9* | 417·7 | 25·1 | 68·6 | 395·4* | 366·2 | 41·0 | 96·0 | 425·8* | 391·7 | 32·9 | 83·4 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total SCB intake (ml/d) | 1210·8* | 845·8 | 94·2 | 184·0 | 1140·9* | 706·1 | 137·2 | 235·1 | 1173·1* | 769·1 | 115·2 | 211·4 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Fruit intake (g/d) | 187·9 | 207·0 | 291·7 | 307·3 | 208·5* | 243·6 | 360·6 | 330·1 | 199·2* | 226·5 | 325·3 | 320·3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Vegetable intake (g/d) | 99·7* | 112·9 | 313·8 | 215·7 | 92·1* | 106·1 | 329·7 | 214·7 | 95·5* | 108·6 | 321·6 | 215·2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total F&V intake (g/d) | 287·6* | 252·8 | 605·5 | 391·5 | 300·6* | 325·7 | 690·2 | 422·8 | 294·7* | 293·0 | 646·8 | 409·0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Daily breakfast consumption‡ (%) | 55 | 61 | 49 | 47 | 52 | 54 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
TV, television; PA, physical activity; SCB, sugar-containing beverage; F&V, fruit and vegetable.
Data are presented as mean and standard deviation unless otherwise stated. Data analyses were adjusted for age (for all), cohort (except for fruit, vegetable and total F&V intakes, due to having one cohort per country for these outcomes) and gender (only for the total group comparison). ANCOVA and logistic regression (for daily breakfast consumption) were used for testing the differences between countries. Total SCB consumption variable was log-transformed in the ANCOVA model due to non-normal distribution of the residuals.
*Mean values were significantly different from those of the TR-TR group: P < 0·05.
†Walking, biking, sports.
‡Having breakfast every day.