Table 2.

Univariate and multivariate associations between food and nutrition insecurity and asthma in the studied population: elementary-school children (n 1307) aged 6–12 years, São Francisco do Conde, Bahia, north-eastern Brazil, 2010

	Univariate model		Multivariate model*
Variable	OR	95 % CI	OR	95 % CI
FNS situation
FNS	1·00	Ref.	1·00	Ref.
FNI mild	1·17	0·76, 1·81	1·19	0·77, 1·84
FNI moderate	1·63	0·97, 2·74	1·71	1·01, 2·89
FNI severe	2·36	1·21, 4·59	2·51	1·28, 4·93
Potential confounding variables
Gender
Male	1·00	Ref.	1·00	Ref.
Female	0·95	0·66, 1·35	1·10	0·75, 1·61
Age (years)
≥10	1·00	Ref.	1·00	Ref.
<10	1·24	0·87, 1·76	1·39	0·94, 2·05
Education of caregiver
≥5th grade	1·00	Ref.	1·00	Ref.
Illiterate to 4th grade	1·13	0·75, 1·71	1·19	0·78, 1·81
Place of residence
Rural	1·00	Ref.	1·00	Ref.
Urban	1·35	0·94, 1·94	1·66	1·11, 2·47
Family income†
>1/2 BMS	1·00	Ref.	1·00	Ref.
≤1/2 BMS	1·02	0·68, 1·53	1·30	0·38, 4·92
Number of individuals per household
≤4	1·00	Ref.	1·00	Ref.
>4	1·14	0·79, 1·65	1·27	0·84, 1·92
Anthropometric status
Normal weight	1·00	Ref.	1·00	Ref.
Underweight	1·15	0·63, 2·09	1·22	0·62, 2·42
Overweight/obese	1·34	0·85, 2·10	1·43	0·89, 2·32
Tobacco smoke exposure
No	1·00	Ref.	1·00	Ref.
Yes	1·36	0·89, 2·06	1·55	0·99, 2·44

FNS, food and nutrition security; FNI, food and nutrition insecurity; Ref., reference category.

Statistically significant odds ratios and 95 % confidence intervals are denoted in bold font.

*Multivariate model adjusted for sex, age, tobacco smoke exposure, place of residence and anthropometric status.

†Measured in Brazilian minimum salaries (BMS). Value in 2010 = R$ 510·00 (Brazilian reais; equivalent to $US 290·70).