Table 1.
Population description for children included and not included in the analysis (children aged 1–6 years participating in TARGet Kids!, Toronto, Canada, December 2008 to July 2011)
| Children included in the analysis | Children not included in the analysis | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (n 1540) | (n 1979)* | |||||||||||||
| Child characteristic | Frequency | % | Median | Range | Frequency | % | Median | Range | ||||||
| Age (months) | – | – | 36 | 12–78 | – | – | 26 | 12–80 | ||||||
| Missing (n 0) | ||||||||||||||
| Sex, male | 785 | 51 | – | – | 1029 | 52 | – | – | ||||||
| Missing (n 1) | ||||||||||||||
| Skin pigmentation, light | 1320 | 86 | – | – | 1401 | 84 | – | – | ||||||
| Missing (n 316) | ||||||||||||||
| BMI Z-score | – | – | 0·2 | −3·1 to 3·9 | 0.2 | −3·4 to 3·9 | ||||||||
| Missing (n 159) | ||||||||||||||
| Ethnicity† | ||||||||||||||
| Mixed Western | 1004 | 65 | – | – | 1206 | 61 | – | – | ||||||
| Mixed Western/non-Western | 345 | 22 | – | – | 451 | 23 | – | – | ||||||
| East Asian & South-east Asian | 90 | 6 | – | – | 119 | 6 | – | – | ||||||
| South-west Asian | 70 | 5 | – | – | 92 | 5 | – | – | ||||||
| African & Caribbean | 31 | 2 | – | – | 51 | 3 | – | – | ||||||
| Missing (n 60) | ||||||||||||||
| Season | ||||||||||||||
| May-Sept (summer) | 711 | 46 | – | – | 834 | 42 | – | – | ||||||
| Missing (n 0) | ||||||||||||||
| Current cow's milk intake (ml) | – | – | 500 | 0–1250 | – | – | 500 | 0–1250 | ||||||
| Missing (n 259) | ||||||||||||||
| Vitamin D supplements | ||||||||||||||
| Yes | 850 | 55 | – | – | 1070 | 58 | – | – | ||||||
| Missing (n 136) | ||||||||||||||
| Outdoor play | ||||||||||||||
| 1–4 h/week | 629 | 41 | – | – | 729 | 40 | – | – | ||||||
| 5–7 h/week | 911 | 59 | – | – | 1078 | 60 | – | – | ||||||
| Missing (n 172) | ||||||||||||||
| Annual household income ($CAN)‡ | – | – | 56 000 | 15 000–335 000 | – | – | 56 800 | 15 000–269 000 | ||||||
| Missing (n 210) | ||||||||||||||
| Serum 25(OH)D (nmol/l) | – | – | 83 | 11–267 | – | – | 83 | 15–278 | ||||||
| Missing (n 1627) | ||||||||||||||
25(OH)D, 25-hydroxvitamin D.
*2176 children were not included in the analysis (blood not obtained for 1615 and 1540 did not have complete survey or anthropometric data). The table describes 1979 children; 197 were removed because they were outliers (fifteen children had BMI Z-score > 4, 181 had age <11·5 months or >84 months, and one had 25(OH)D of 352 nmol/l).
†Visible minorities in Toronto according to the 2006 census were 12·0 % South Asian, 2·6 % Arab or West Asian (totalling 14·6 % South-west Asian); 11·4 % Chinese, 4·1 % Filipino, 1·4 % Korean, 1·5 % South-east Asian, 0·5 % Japanese (totalling 18·9 % East Asian & South-east Asian); 8·4 % Black (totalling 8·4 % African & Caribbean); and multiple visible minority 1·3 %( 72 ).
‡Median annual household income in Toronto in 2010 was $CAN 68 110( 73 ).